In the spirit of device-independent cryptography, we present a two-party quantum authorization primitive with nonlocality as its fueling resource. Therein, users are attributed authorization levels granting them access to a private database accordingly. The authorization levels are encoded in the nonlocal resources distributed to the users and subsequently confirmed by their ability to win Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt games using such resources. We formalize the protocol, prove its security, and frame it in a device-independent setting employing the notion of Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt self-testing via simulation. Finally, we provide a proof-of-concept implementation using the Qiskit open-source framework.

中文翻译：

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基于Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt博弈的与设备无关的量子授权

本着与设备无关的加密技术的精神，我们提出了一种具有非本地性的两方量子授权原语作为其加油资源。其中，为用户分配了授权级别，从而相应地授予他们访问私有数据库的权限。授权级别编码在分发给用户的非本地资源中，随后由他们使用这些资源赢得Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt游戏的能力来确认。我们对协议进行形式化，证明其安全性，并通过使用Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt自测试概念通过仿真在独立于设备的设置中构架该协议。最后，我们使用Qiskit开源框架提供概念验证的实现。