Studies on the interaction of biomolecules with inorganic compounds, mainly mineral surfaces, are of great concern in identifying their role in chemical evolution and origins of life. Metal oxides are the major constituents of earth and earth-like planets. Hence, studies on the interaction of biomolecules with these minerals are the point of concern for the study of the emergence of life on different planets. Zirconium oxide is one of the metal oxides present in earth's crust as it is a part of several types of rocks found in sandy areas such as beaches and riverbeds, e.g. pebbles of baddeleyite. Different metal oxides have been studied for their role in chemical evolution but no studies have been reported about the role of zirconium oxide in chemical evolution and origins of life. Therefore, studies were carried out on the interaction of ribonucleic acid constituents, 5′-CMP (cytidine monophosphate), 5′-UMP (uridine monophosphate), 5′-GMP (guanosine monophosphate) and 5′-AMP (adenosine monophosphate), with zirconium oxide. Synthesized zirconium oxide particles were characterized by using vibrating sample magnetometer, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy. Zirconia particles were in the nanometre range, from 14 to 27 nm. The interaction of zirconium oxide with ribonucleic acid constituents was performed in the concentration range of 5 × 10−5–300 × 10−5 M. Interaction studies were carried out in three mediums; acidic (pH 4.0), neutral (pH 7.0) and basic (pH 9.0). At neutral pH, maximum interaction was observed. The interaction of zirconium oxide with 5′-UMP was 49.45% and with 5′-CMP 67.98%, while with others it was in between. Interaction studies were Langmurian in nature. Xm and KL values were calculated. Infrared spectral studies of ribonucleotides, metal oxide and ribonucleotide–metal oxide adducts were carried out to find out the interactive sites. It was observed that the nitrogen base and phosphate moiety of ribonucleotides interact with the positive charge surface of metal oxide. SEM was also carried out to study the adsorption. The results of the present study favour the important role of zirconium oxide in concentrating the organic molecules from their dilute aqueous solutions in primeval seas.

中文翻译：

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氧化锆纳米粒子与核糖核苷酸相互作用及其在化学进化中作用的益生元研究

研究生物分子与无机化合物（主要是矿物表面）的相互作用，对于确定它们在化学进化和生命起源中的作用非常重要。金属氧化物是地球和类地行星的主要成分。因此，研究生物分子与这些矿物质的相互作用是研究不同星球上生命出现的重点。氧化锆是地壳中存在的金属氧化物之一，因为它是在沙滩和河床等沙地中发现的几种岩石的一部分，例如斜长石鹅卵石。已经研究了不同金属氧化物在化学演化中的作用，但没有关于氧化锆在化学演化和生命起源中的作用的研究报道。所以，对核糖核酸成分 5'-CMP（胞苷一磷酸）、5'-UMP（尿苷一磷酸）、5'-GMP（鸟苷一磷酸）和 5'-AMP（腺苷一磷酸）与锆的相互作用进行了研究氧化物。采用振动样品磁力计、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜对合成的氧化锆颗粒进行表征。氧化锆颗粒在纳米范围内，从 14 到 27 nm。氧化锆与核糖核酸成分的相互作用在 5 × 10的浓度范围内进行 采用振动样品磁力计、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜对合成的氧化锆颗粒进行表征。氧化锆颗粒在纳米范围内，从 14 到 27 nm。氧化锆与核糖核酸成分的相互作用在 5 × 10的浓度范围内进行 采用振动样品磁力计、X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和透射电子显微镜对合成的氧化锆颗粒进行表征。氧化锆颗粒在纳米范围内，从 14 到 27 nm。氧化锆与核糖核酸成分的相互作用在 5 × 10的浓度范围内进行-5–300 × 10-5M. 交互研究在三种媒介中进行；酸性 (pH 4.0)、中性 (pH 7.0) 和碱性 (pH 9.0)。在中性 pH 值下，观察到最大的相互作用。氧化锆与 5'-UMP 的相互作用为 49.45%，与 5'-CMP 的相互作用为 67.98%，而与其他化合物的相互作用介于两者之间。交互研究本质上是朗穆尔式的。X米和ķ大号值进行了计算。对核糖核苷酸、金属氧化物和核糖核苷酸-金属氧化物加合物进行红外光谱研究以找出相互作用位点。观察到核糖核苷酸的氮碱基和磷酸盐部分与金属氧化物的正电荷表面相互作用。还进行了 SEM 以研究吸附。本研究的结果支持氧化锆在从原始海洋的稀水溶液中浓缩有机分子中的重要作用。