Visiting natural environments could restore health and contribute to human sustainability. However, the understanding of potential linkages between restoration of visitors and nature-based tourism remains incomplete, resulting in a lack of orientation for researchers and managers. This study aimed to explore how visitors achieve restoration through nature by analyzing published literature on tourism. Using a systematic review method, this study examined destination types, participant traits, theoretical foundations, and potential restorative outcomes presented in 34 identified articles. A new framework that synthesizes relevant research and conceptualizes the restorative mechanisms of nature-based tourism from a human–nature interaction perspective was developed. Owing to the limitations in the theories, methods, cases, and the COVID-19 pandemic, interdisciplinary methods and multisensory theories are needed in the future to shed further light on the restoration of visitors through nature-based tourism. The findings provide a theoretical perspective on the consideration of nature-based tourism as a public-wellness product worldwide, and the study provides recommendations for future research in a COVID-19 or post-COVID-19 society.

中文翻译：

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通过基于自然的旅游业恢复游客：系统评价，概念框架和未来的研究方向。

参观自然环境可以恢复健康并有助于人类的可持续发展。然而，对游客恢复与自然旅游之间潜在联系的理解仍然不完整，导致研究人员和管理人员缺乏方向性。这项研究旨在通过分析已发表的有关旅游业的文献来探索游客如何通过自然实现恢复。使用系统评价方法，本研究检查了34篇已鉴定文章中提出的目的地类型，参与者特征，理论基础和潜在的恢复性结果。建立了一个新的框架，该框架综合了相关研究并从人与自然的相互作用角度概念化了基于自然的旅游业的恢复机制。由于理论，方法，案例和COVID-19大流行的局限性，未来需要跨学科的方法和多感官理论，以进一步阐明通过自然旅游开发游客的方式。这些发现为在全球范围内将基于自然的旅游业视为一种公共保健产品提供了理论视角，该研究为在COVID-19或COVID-19后社会中的未来研究提供了建议。