Background: Quantify the health impacts of Mexico urban bicycling scenarios. Methodology: Quantitative Health Impact Assessment, estimating health risks and benefits of bicycling scenarios in 51,718,756 adult urban inhabitants in Mexico (between 20 and 64 years old). Five bike scenarios were created based on current bike trends in Mexico. The number of premature deaths (increased or reduced) was estimated in relation to physical activity, road traffic fatalities, and air pollution. Input data were collected from national publicly available data sources from transport, environment, health and population reports, and surveys, in addition to scientific literature. Results: We estimated that nine premature deaths are prevented each year among urban populations in Mexico on the current car-bike substitution and trip levels (1% of bike trips), with an annual health economic benefit of US $1,897,920. If Mexico achieves similar trip levels to those reported in The Netherlands (27% of bike trips), 217 premature deaths could be saved annually, with an economic impact of US $45,760,960. In all bicycling scenarios assessed in Mexico, physical activity’s health benefits outweighed the health risks related to traffic fatalities and air pollution exposure. Conclusion: The study found that bicycling promotion in Mexico would provide important health benefits. The benefits of physical activity outweigh the risk from traffic fatalities and air pollution exposure in bicyclists. At the national level, Mexico could consider using sustainable transport policies as a tool to promote public health. Specifically, the support of active transportation through bicycling and urban design improvements could encourage physical activity and its health co-benefits.

中文翻译：

---

墨西哥城市骑行对健康的影响

背景：量化墨西哥城市骑行方案对健康的影响。方法：量化健康影响评估，估算墨西哥51,718,756名成年城市居民（20至64岁之间）的健康风险和骑自行车情景的收益。根据墨西哥当前的自行车趋势，创建了五种自行车场景。估计过早死亡的人数（增加或减少）与体力活动，道路交通事故死亡人数和空气污染有关。除科​​学文献外，还从交通，环境，健康和人口报告以及调查中，从国家可公开获得的数据源中收集输入数据。结果：我们估计，按照当前的自行车替代和出行水平（自行车出行的1％），每年在墨西哥城市人口中预防的9例过早死亡，每年可为健康带来1,897,920美元的经济收益。如果墨西哥的出行水平与荷兰的出行水平相近（占自行车出行的27％），则每年可以挽救217名过早死亡，经济影响为45,760,960美元。在墨西哥评估的所有骑车情景中，体育锻炼对健康的好处大于与交通死亡和空气污染暴露相关的健康风险。结论：研究发现，在墨西哥推广骑自行车会带来重要的健康益处。进行体育锻炼的益处超过了骑自行车的人死于交通事故和空气污染的风险。在国家一级，墨西哥可以考虑将可持续运输政策作为促进公共卫生的工具。具体而言，通过骑自行车和改善城市设计来支持主动运输可以鼓励体育锻炼及其健康共同利益。