Exacerbations of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (AECOPDs) are one of the most important clinical aspects of the disease, and when requiring hospital admission, they significantly contribute to mortality among COPD patients. Our aim was to assess the role of eosinopenia and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte count (NLR) as markers of in-hospital mortality and length of hospitalization (LoH) among patients with ECOPD requiring hospitalization. We included 275 patients. Eosinopenia was associated with in-hospital deaths only when coexisted with lymphocytopenia, with the specificity of 84.4% (95% CI 79.6–88.6%) and the sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 35.9–100%). Also, survivors presented longer LoH (P < 0.0001). NLR ≥ 13.2 predicted in-hospital death with the sensitivity of 100% (95% CI 35.9–100%) and specificity of 92.6% (95% CI 88.8–95.4%), however, comparison of LoH among survivors did not reach statistical significance (P = 0.05). Additionally, when we assessed the presence of coexistence of eosinopenia and lymphocytopenia first, and then apply NLR, sensitivity and specificity in prediction of in-hospital death was 100% (95% CI 35.9–100) and 93.7% (95% CI 90.1–96.3), respectively. Moreover, among survivors, the occurrence of such pattern was associated with significantly longer LoH: 11 (7–14) vs 7 (5–10) days (P = 0.01). The best profile of sensitivity and specificity in the prediction of in-hospital mortality in ECOPD can be obtained by combined analysis of coexistence of eosinopenia and lymphocytopenia with elevated NLR. The occurrence of a such pattern is also associated with significantly longer LoH among survivors.

慢性阻塞性肺疾病 (AECOPD) 的恶化是该疾病最重要的临床方面之一，当需要住院时，它们会显着增加 COPD 患者的死亡率。我们的目的是评估嗜酸性粒细胞减少症和中性粒细胞淋巴细胞计数 (NLR) 作为需要住院治疗的 ECOPD 患者的院内死亡率和住院时间 (LoH) 标志物的作用。我们纳入了 275 名患者。仅当与淋巴细胞减少症共存时，嗜酸性粒细胞减少症才与院内死亡相关，特异性为 84.4%（95% CI 79.6-88.6%），敏感性为 100%（95% CI 35.9-100%）。此外，幸存者表现出更长的 LoH（P < 0.0001）。NLR ≥ 13.2 预测院内死亡的敏感性为 100% (95% CI 35.9–100%)，特异性为 92.6% (95% CI 88.8–95.4%)，然而，幸存者之间 LoH 的比较没有达到统计学意义（P = 0.05）。此外，当我们首先评估嗜酸性粒细胞减少症和淋巴细胞减少症是否共存，然后应用 NLR 时，预测院内死亡的敏感性和特异性分别为 100% (95% CI 35.9–100) 和 93.7% (95% CI 90.1– 96.3），分别。此外，在幸存者中，这种模式的发生与明显更长的 LoH 相关：11 (7-14) 天 vs 7 (5-10) 天（P = 0.01）。通过联合分析嗜酸性粒细胞减少症和淋巴细胞减少症与 NLR 升高的共存情况，可以获得预测 ECOPD 住院死亡率的最佳敏感性和特异性特征。这种模式的发生也与幸存者的 LoH 显着延长有关。