Most empirical research on the effects of the economic downturns has been a-spatial and overlooked the location choices of creative industries (CIs). The present study addresses an open debate on whether economic downturns have pushed a change in the relative importance of resilience-based versus traditional CIs location factors. Considering the location choices of 6332 CIs Portuguese start-ups in the period 2005–2012, we found that: (1) the crisis brought changes in the relative importance of location factors, enhancing traditional CI location factors such as technology and diminishing the relevance of resilience-based factors related to regions industrial specialisation; (2) resilience-based factors, such as industrial diversity, higher education, cultural and social networking and traditional CI factors, namely lower social inequality and life quality, were robust drivers for the emergence of new start-ups all over the period; and (3) although cultural policy significantly and positively support the emergence of new CIs start-ups in the crisis period, the austerity period reversed that role. Our results suggest that the sustainable development of regions implies encompassing public stimulus to the generation of a diversified, interdependent network of creative activities, able to enhance innovation through their own synergies and linkages with the rest of the economy.

关于经济衰退影响的大多数实证研究都是空域的，并且忽略了创意产业（CI）的地区选择。本研究针对经济衰退是否推动了基于弹性的CI与传统CI的地理位置因素的相对重要性的变化展开了公开辩论。考虑到2005年至2012年期间6332个CI葡萄牙初创企业的选址，我们发现：（1）危机带来了选址因素相对重要性的变化，增强了传统CI选址因素，例如技术，并降低了与区域工业专业化相关的基于弹性的因素；（2）基于弹性的因素，例如产业多样性，高等教育，文化和社交网络以及传统的CI因素，较低的社会不平等和生活质量是整个时期新创业公司兴起的有力推动力；（3）尽管文化政策在危机时期极大地并积极地支持了新兴国际初创企业的出现，但紧缩时期却扭转了这一作用。我们的结果表明，区域的可持续发展意味着要包括公共刺激，以创造出一个多元化，相互依存的创意活动网络，从而能够通过自身的协同作用和与经济的其他部分的联系来增强创新。