First established in New York in 1880, the Irish Ladies’ Land League soon had branches across Ireland, the USA, Britain, Canada and Australasia and represented an unprecedented advance in Irish women’s political activism. In Dundee, Scotland the organization found a particularly receptive environment due to the distinctive gender balance of the Irish community there, with working-class women a large majority. This article analyses how a transnational movement translated into a local setting and how emigrants’ activism was shaped by factors of class, gender and religion. The circulation of mobile agitators and newspapers connected local branches in Dundee with the wider world of the Irish land reform movement, and this article seeks to uncover a more textured picture of the people who collected funds, attended rallies, and who are too often considered in the plural, as anonymous supporters grouped together under ethnic or political banners. The picture that emerges challenges existing views of the Ladies’ Land League as a predominantly middle-class affair. In Dundee the members were overwhelmingly working-class and their harsh experiences in the city’s jute industry shaped their activism. Local Catholic networks and ideas of religious humanitarianism contributed significantly to the branches, yet clergymen did not direct their activities, rather they responded to women’s mobilization.

中文翻译：

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在黄麻波利斯拯救爱尔兰：爱尔兰女士土地联盟中的性别，阶级和侨民

爱尔兰女士土地联盟于1880年在纽约首次成立，不久便在爱尔兰，美国，英国，加拿大和大洋洲建立了分支机构，代表了爱尔兰妇女政治活动的空前进步。在苏格兰邓迪，该组织发现了一个特别容易让人接受的环境，因为那里的爱尔兰社区具有独特的性别平衡，其中有工人阶级的妇女占绝大多数。本文分析了跨国运动如何转变为当地环境，以及移民的积极性是如何受到阶级，性别和宗教因素影响的。移动式煽动者和报纸的发行将邓迪的当地分支机构与爱尔兰土地改革运动的更广阔世界联系起来，本文旨在揭示人们收集资金，参加集会，以及经常被视为复数形式的人，是匿名支持者，在族裔或政治旗帜下聚集在一起。出现的图景挑战了女性土地联盟作为主要中产阶级事务的现有观点。在邓迪（Dundee），成员绝大多数是工人阶级，他们在该市黄麻行业中的恶劣经历改变了他们的积极性。当地的天主教网络和宗教人道主义的思想为分支机构做出了重大贡献，但神职人员并未指导其活动，而是响应了妇女的动员。在邓迪（Dundee），成员绝大多数是工人阶级，他们在该市黄麻行业中的恶劣经历改变了他们的积极性。当地的天主教网络和宗教人道主义的思想为分支机构做出了重大贡献，但神职人员并未指导其活动，而是响应了妇女的动员。在邓迪（Dundee），成员绝大多数是工人阶级，他们在该市黄麻行业中的恶劣经历改变了他们的积极性。当地的天主教网络和宗教人道主义的思想为分支机构做出了重大贡献，但神职人员并未指导其活动，而是对妇女的动员作出了回应。