ABSTRACT

1. This study investigated the growth performance, caecal microbiota, blood chemistry, splenic cytokines, serum immunoglobulins, carcase, meat quality and oxidative status of broiler chickens fed diets supplemented with Anacardium occidentale leaf powder (AOLP) in comparison with antibiotic and synthetic antioxidant.

2. Three hundred and twenty, one-day old Arbor Acre broiler chicks were randomly allotted into four treatment groups consisting of eight pen replicates with 10 birds per pen. The treatment groups were T0, basal diet only; T1, basal diet + 0.4 g/kg oxytetracycline + 0.12 g/kg butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA); T2, basal diet + 2 g/kg AOLP and T3, basal diet + 4 g/kg AOLP. The birds were fed for 42 d when performance was assessed, and then euthanised.

3. During 0–42 d, feed conversion ratio was higher (P = 0.033) in T0 birds compared with birds fed other diets. Diet did not affect carcase traits, organ weights, serum biochemical indices, and meat composition, pH, cook loss or meat colour. Supplemented birds had higher erythrocyte (P = 0.042) and haemoglobin (P = 0.025), and lower leukocytes (P = 0.012) compared with the T0 birds.

4. Diet T3 upregulated (P = 0.020) splenic interleukin-10 compared with other diets. The T0 birds had higher (P < 0.05) interleukin-6 and serum IgG and IgM compared with the supplemented birds. Caecal E. coli and Salmonella spp. counts were higher (P < 0.05) in T0 birds than in the supplemented groups. Lactobacillus spp. counts were higher (P = 0.001) in T3 birds than in those fed other diets. Breast and thigh meat from the T0 birds had higher (P < 0.05) TBARS value, and carbonyl content compared to the supplemented birds. The T0 breast meat had higher drip loss (P = 0.001) than meat from the supplemented birds.

5. The results suggested that AOLP exhibited antimicrobial and antioxidant properties that were comparable to the responses to oxytetracycline and BHA (T1) in broiler diets. Nonetheless, the efficacy of AOLP needs to be verified under disease challenge or compromised health condition.

摘要

1. 本研究调查了饲喂添加Anacardium occidentale叶粉 (AOLP)日粮的肉鸡的生长性能、盲肠微生物群、血液化学、脾细胞因子、血清免疫球蛋白、胴体、肉质和氧化状态，并与抗生素和合成抗氧化剂进行比较。

2. 320 只一天大的 Arbor Acre 肉鸡被随机分配到四个处理组，每个处理组由 8 个重复栏组成，每栏 10 只鸡。治疗组为T0，仅基础饮食；T1，基础日粮 + 0.4 g/kg 土霉素 + 0.12 g/kg 丁基羟基茴香醚 (BHA)；T2，基础饮食 + 2 g/kg AOLP 和 T3，基础饮食 + 4 g/kg AOLP。当评估性能时，这些鸟被喂食 42 天，然后安乐死。

3.在0-42 d期间，T0鸡只的饲料转化率高于其他日粮的鸡只（P = 0.033）。饮食不影响胴体性状、器官重量、血清生化指标和肉类成分、pH、烹饪损失或肉类颜色。与 T0 鸡相比，补充鸡的红细胞 (P = 0.042) 和血红蛋白 (P = 0.025) 较高，而白细胞 (P = 0.012) 较低。

4.与其他饮食相比，饮食T3上调（P = 0.020）脾白细胞介素10。与补充的鸡相比，T0 鸡的白细胞介素 6 和血清 IgG 和 IgM 较高（P < 0.05）。盲肠大肠杆菌和沙门氏菌属。T0 鸡只的计数高于补充组（P < 0.05）。乳酸杆菌属 T3 鸡的计数高于其他饮食的鸡（P = 0.001）。与添加的鸡相比，T0 鸡的胸肉和大腿肉的 TBARS 值和羰基含量更高（P < 0.05）。T0 胸肉的滴水损失（P = 0.001）高于补充鸡的肉。

5. 结果表明，AOLP 表现出的抗菌和抗氧化特性与肉鸡日粮中对土霉素和 BHA (T1) 的反应相当。尽管如此，需要在疾病挑战或健康状况受损的情况下验证 AOLP 的功效。