ABSTRACT

Memory disturbances are common in children with neurological and developmental conditions. One way to measure memory disturbances and their functional implications is via a memory questionnaire. Several pediatric memory questionnaires have been published but no systematic review has been conducted to establish their psychometric properties. This review evaluated currently available pediatric memory questionnaires using the Evidence-Based Assessment (EBA) criteria developed by the American Psychological Association Task force. A systematic search of CINAHL, EMBASE, Medline, and PsychINFO was completed on June 2019. The selection process was guided by pre-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria, followed by full manuscript reviews, and hand-search of reference lists of relevant papers. Selected questionnaires were evaluated by two independent raters against the EBA criteria and classified into “well established”, “approaching well-established”, and “promising” categories. The electronic searches yielded 9888 articles, 24 of which met the inclusion criteria. Hand searches identified additional 21 studies. The 45 identified studies reported on 24 versions of 10 memory questionnaires assessed working memory, everyday memory, prospective and retrospective memory, and self-awareness of memory functions. Based on EBA criteria, only one memory questionnaire (The Working Memory Rating Scale – 20 item version) was classified as “well-established”, 3 as “approaching well-established”, and 20 as “promising”. Most (n = 19) had good reliability but lacked concurrent validity; had low or no correlations with objective memory tests, and low predictive power. In conclusion, this review highlights an urgent need for the development and validation of pediatric memory questionnaires to increase the evidence base and improve questionnaires’ clinical utility.

摘要

记忆障碍在患有神经和发育疾病的儿童中很常见。测量记忆障碍及其功能影响的一种方法是通过记忆问卷。一些儿童记忆问卷已经出版，但尚未进行系统评价来确定其心理测量特性。本综述使用美国心理学会工作组制定的循证评估（EBA）标准评估了当前可用的儿科记忆问卷。对 CINAHL、EMBASE、Medline 和 PsychINFO 的系统检索于 2019 年 6 月完成。选择过程以预先定义的纳入和排除标准为指导，然后进行完整的稿件审查，并手动检索相关论文的参考文献列表。选定的调查问卷由两名独立评估者根据 EBA 标准进行评估，并分为“完善”、“接近完善”和“有前途”类别。电子检索共检索到 9888 篇文章，其中 24 篇符合纳入标准。手工检索还发现了另外 21 项研究。45 项确定的研究报告了 10 份记忆问卷的 24 个版本，评估了工作记忆、日常记忆、前瞻性和回顾性记忆以及记忆功能的自我意识。根据 EBA 标准，只有一份记忆问卷（工作记忆评定量表 – 20 项版本）被归类为“完善”，3 份被归类为“接近完善”，20 份被归类为“有希望”。大多数（n = 19）具有良好的信度，但缺乏同时效度；与客观记忆测试的相关性较低或没有相关性，并且预测能力较低。总之，本综述强调迫切需要开发和验证儿科记忆问卷，以增加证据基础并提高问卷的临床实用性。