Developmental dyslexia and congenital amusia are two specific neurodevelopmental disorders that affect reading and music perception, respectively. Similarities at perceptual, cognitive, and anatomical levels raise the possibility that a common factor is at play in their emergence, albeit in different domains. However, little consideration has been given to what extent they can co-occur. A first adult study suggested a 30% amusia rate in dyslexia and a 25% dyslexia rate in amusia (Couvignou et al., Cognitive Neuropsychology 2019). We present newly acquired data from 38 dyslexic and 38 typically developing children. These were assessed with literacy and phonological tests, as well as with three musical tests: the Montreal Battery of Evaluation of Musical Abilities, a pitch and time change detection task, and a singing task. Overall, about 34% of the dyslexic children were musically impaired, a proportion that is significantly higher than both the estimated 1.5–4% prevalence of congenital amusia in the general population and the rate of 5% observed within the control group. They were mostly affected in the pitch dimension, both in terms of perception and production. Correlations and prediction links were found between pitch processing skills and language measures after partialing out confounding factors. These findings are discussed with regard to cognitive and neural explanatory hypotheses of a comorbidity between dyslexia and amusia.

发育困难阅读障碍和先天性失语是分别影响阅读和音乐感知的两种特定的神经发育障碍。尽管在不同领域，在知觉，认知和解剖学水平上的相似性增加了共同因素在其出现中发挥作用的可能性。但是，几乎没有考虑到它们可以同时出现的程度。一项第一项成人研究表明，阅读障碍的失语症患病率达30％，阅读障碍的失语症患病率达25％（Couvignou等人，认知神经心理学2019）。我们提供了来自38个阅读障碍者和38个典型发育中儿童的新获得的数据。这些课程通过读写能力测试，语音测试以及三种音乐测试进行了评估：蒙特利尔音乐能力评估电池组，音高和时间变化检测任务以及唱歌任务。总体而言，阅读障碍儿童中约有34％患有音乐障碍，这一比例明显高于一般人群中先天性躁狂症的估计患病率1.5–4％，以及对照组中5％的患病率。他们在音调维度上的影响最大，无论是在感知还是在制作方面。在排除混杂因素之后，在音调处理技能和语言测度之间发现了相关性和预测联系。