:Although women have made tremendous gains at work, a striking degree of sex segregation still exists. For a generation of women who were working in low-paying, administrative support positions during the promising era of Title VII, affirmative action did not offer upward mobility. In the 1970s, as employers and regulators began implementing affirmative action amid the gendered structure of internal labor markets, women who were already in clerical roles remained outside the managerial pipeline. Women in 9to5, the National Association of Working Women, sought to bridge the gap between female-dominated clerical and male-dominated managerial ladders using collective action. Yet business and government did not enforce affirmative action such that the clustering of women in low-paid clerical positions constituted discrimination on the basis of sex. Work experience on the clerical ladder remains inadequate training for positions on the managerial ladder.

中文翻译：

---

“金字塔外”：文书工作、企业平权行动和职业女性向上流动的障碍

：虽然女性在工作中取得了巨大的进步，但仍然存在着惊人程度的性别隔离。对于在第七章充满希望的时代从事低薪行政支持职位的一代女性来说，平权行动并没有提供向上的流动性。在 1970 年代，随着雇主和监管机构开始在内部劳动力市场的性别结构中实施平权行动，已经担任文书角色的女性仍处于管理渠道之外。全国职业妇女协会 9to5 中的妇女试图通过集体行动弥合女性主导的文职人员和男性主导的管理阶梯之间的差距。然而，企业和政府并没有实施平权行动，以至于女性聚集在低收入的文书职位上构成了基于性别的歧视。