当前位置: X-MOL 学术Journal of Policy History › 论文详情
Our official English website, www.x-mol.net, welcomes your feedback! (Note: you will need to create a separate account there.)
Protection Against Good Intentions: The Catholic Role in the Campaign to Ban Proxy Adoption, 1956–1961
Journal of Policy History ( IF 0.4 ) Pub Date : 2019-04-02 , DOI: 10.1017/s0898030619000046
Cathi Choi

:The debate over the practice of proxy adoption sheds light on changing notions of proper intercountry adoption practices and standards of family planning as they developed in the mid-twentieth century. The practice of proxy adoption was born out of a loophole in U.S. immigration legislation, initially used by Americans to adopt European orphans after World War II. After the Korean War, the practice was again utilized to bring Korean children in even greater numbers to the United States. Through proxy adoption, adoptive parents bypassed the standard checkpoints of the adoption process as established by U.S. social welfare agencies. Although initially hailed as a humane practice, proxy adoption was ultimately banned in 1961 after a successful antiproxy adoption campaign waged by a coalition of social welfare workers, Catholic leaders, and U.S. senators. The role of Catholic agencies in this debate is essential, yet remains largely unexplored. This article sheds light on this significant and underresearched history of the Catholic institutions involved in the proxy adoption debate.The Catholic agencies, namely the National Catholic Welfare Conference and the Catholic Committee for Refugees, stood apart from both the government social welfare establishment and other humanitarian actors. Their actions must instead be understood through the context of their own institutional history of domestic social welfare programs and overseas humanitarian work, dating from the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. This article analyzes their relationship with the U.S. social welfare establishment, as well as joint advocacy efforts to reform intercountry adoption practices.

中文翻译:

防止善意:天主教在禁止代理收养运动中的作用,1956-1961

: 关于代理收养做法的辩论揭示了在 20 世纪中叶发展起来的适当跨国收养做法和计划生育标准不断变化的概念。代理收养的做法源于美国移民立法的一个漏洞,二战后最初被美国人用来收养欧洲孤儿。朝鲜战争后,这种做法再次被用来将更多的韩国儿童带到美国。通过代理收养,养父母绕过了美国社会福利机构制定的收养流程的标准检查点。虽然最初被誉为一种人道的做法,但在社会福利工作者、天主教领袖和美国联合发起的反代理收养运动成功后,代理收养最终在 1961 年被禁止。参议员。天主教机构在这场辩论中的作用是必不可少的,但在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本文阐明了参与代理收养辩论的天主教机构的这段重要且研究不足的历史。天主教机构,即全国天主教福利会议和天主教难民委员会,与政府社会福利机构和其他人道主义机构不同。演员。相反,他们的行为必须通过他们自己的国内社会福利计划和海外人道主义工作的制度历史来理解,这些历史可以追溯到 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初。本文分析了他们与美国社会福利机构的关系,以及联合倡导改革跨国收养做法的努力。天主教机构在这场辩论中的作用是必不可少的,但在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本文阐明了参与代理收养辩论的天主教机构的这段重要且研究不足的历史。天主教机构,即全国天主教福利会议和天主教难民委员会,与政府社会福利机构和其他人道主义机构不同。演员。相反,他们的行为必须通过他们自己的国内社会福利计划和海外人道主义工作的制度历史来理解,这些历史可以追溯到 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初。本文分析了他们与美国社会福利机构的关系,以及联合倡导改革跨国收养做法的努力。天主教机构在这场辩论中的作用是必不可少的,但在很大程度上仍未得到探索。本文阐明了参与代理收养辩论的天主教机构的这段重要且研究不足的历史。天主教机构,即全国天主教福利会议和天主教难民委员会,与政府社会福利机构和其他人道主义机构不同。演员。相反,他们的行为必须通过他们自己的国内社会福利计划和海外人道主义工作的制度历史来理解,这些历史可以追溯到 19 世纪末和 20 世纪初。本文分析了他们与美国社会福利机构的关系,以及联合倡导改革跨国收养做法的努力。
更新日期:2019-04-02
down
wechat
bug