Lang Linguist Compass. 2018;e12284. https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12284 wiley Abstract The voice is a highly salient cue in the perception of gender and an important analytic factor in both phonetic and sociophonetic analysis. Although we have a wealth of knowledge about the social construction of gender through language, gender differences in the voice are frequently treated as natural, direct products of sex differentiation. This article focuses on three major areas of insight from studies of transgender people's voices that build on previous evidence that even biologically influenced features of the gendered voice, like pitch, are shaped by sociocultural practice: the identification of features that distinguish voices perceived as female from those perceived as male; the examination of the degree to which the gendered characteristics of the voice can change; and the theorization of where gender differences in the voice come from. Inclusion of trans speakers in the sociophonetic study of the gendered voice requires linguists to be more cautious in the categorization of voices as female or male on the basis of speakers' perceived sex.

中文翻译：

---

变性人声音：对身份，身分和声音性别的见解

郎语言指南针。2018年； e12284。https://doi.org/10.1111/lnc3.12284 wiley摘要声音在性别感知中是非常重要的线索，并且在语音和社会语音分析中都是重要的分析因素。尽管我们通过语言对性别的社会建构有丰富的知识，但语音中的性别差异通常被视为性别分化的自然直接产物。本文着重研究跨性别者声音的三个主要方面，这些研究基于以前的证据，即甚至性别的声音的受生物学影响的特征（例如音调）也受社会文化实践的影响：识别可区分被认为是女性声音和女性声音的特征那些被认为是男性的人；检查声音的性别特征可以改变的程度；以及语音中性别差异来自何处的理论化。将跨性别说话者包括在性别语音的社会语音研究中，要求语言学家根据说话者的感知性别将语音分类为女性还是男性时要格外谨慎。