With morphological and syntactic argument properties, some arguments behave alike (i.e., they align with each other) while others do not. Such alignment patterns have received significant attention in the literature, but claims as to their origin and development are sometimes difficult to assess, due to scant actual data. This paper surveys the main hypotheses proposed in early and recent work on the topic, focusing on alignment type change and on major alignment types (ergativity, accusativity, and split intransitivity) of morphological properties, with some remarks on syntactic properties. The survey shows that alignment type change may often occur when clauses denoting low transitivity are reanalyzed as clauses of either higher or lower syntactic valency, sometimes even introducing a partition in the verbal lexicon (occasionally being conditioned by semantic, pragmatic, or structural factors), or are extended from low‐transitivity predicates to most bivalent predicates. Lastly, alignment type change can be either functionally motivated or not.

中文翻译：

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句法比对历时

通过形态学和句法自变量属性，某些自变量的行为类似（即，它们彼此对齐），而另一些则不行。这样的对准模式在文献中受到了极大的关注，但是由于缺乏实际数据，有时很难评估它们的起源和发展。本文调查了有关该主题的早期和近期工作中提出的主要假设，重点关注形态特征的对齐类型更改和主要对齐类型（增强性，直接性和拆分不及物性），并对语法属性进行了一些说明。调查显示，当重新将表示低可及性的子句重新分析为语法价较高或较低的子句时，可能经常发生对齐类型更改，有时甚至在语言词典中引入分隔（有时受到语义，语用或结构因素的限制），或者从低传递性谓词扩展到大多数二价谓词。最后，对齐类型的更改可能是出于功能性的，也可能不是出于功能性的。