Abstract: In cases of identity crowding, a subject consciously sees items in a figure, even though they are presented too closely together for her to shift attention to each item. Block (2012, 2013) uses such cases to challenge the view that attention is necessary for consciousness. I argue that in identity crowding cases, subjects really do attend to the items. Specifically, they attend to the figure as a global object that contains the individual items as parts. To support this view, I provide evidence that attention can be directed to a global object (as when we attend to the gist of a scene) or a local object (as when we focus in on some element of that scene). My response helps to defend the view that attention is necessary for conscious perception.

中文翻译：

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看到森林和树木：对身份拥挤辩论的回应

摘要：在身份拥挤的情况下，受试者有意识地看到人物中的物品，即使它们靠得太近以至于她无法将注意力转移到每个物品上。Block (2012, 2013) 使用这些案例来挑战注意力是意识所必需的观点。我认为，在身份拥挤的情况下，受试者确实会关注这些项目。具体来说，他们将图形视为一个全局对象，其中包含作为部分的各个项目。为了支持这个观点，我提供了证据表明注意力可以被引导到全局对象（当我们关注场景的要点时）或局部对象（当我们专注于该场景的某些元素时）。我的回答有助于捍卫以下观点，即注意力对于有意识的感知是必要的。