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Behavioral Circumscription and the Folk Psychology of Belief: A Study in Ethno-Mentalizing
Thought: A Journal of Philosophy Pub Date : 2017-08-17 , DOI: 10.1002/tht3.248
David Rose 1 , Edouard Machery 2 , Stephen Stich 1 , Mario Alai 3 , Adriano Angelucci 3 , Renatas Berniūnas 4 , Emma E. Buchtel 5 , Amita Chatterjee 6 , Hyundeuk Cheon 7 , In-Rae Cho 8 , Daniel Cohnitz 9 , Florian Cova 10 , Vilius Dranseika 4 , Ángeles Eraña Lagos 11 , Laleh Ghadakpour 12 , Maurice Grinberg 13 , Ivar Hannikainen 14 , Takaaki Hashimoto 15 , Amir Horowitz 16 , Evgeniya Hristova 13 , Yasmina Jraissati 17 , Veselina Kadreva 13 , Kaori Karasawa 15 , Hackjin Kim 18 , Yeonjeong Kim 19 , Minwoo Lee 18 , Carlos Mauro 20 , Masaharu Mizumoto 21 , Sebastiano Moruzzi 22 , Christopher Y. Olivola 19 , Jorge Ornelas 23 , Barbara Osimani 24 , Carlos Romero 11 , Alejandro Rosas 25 , Massimo Sangoi 3 , Andrea Sereni 26 , Sarah Songhorian 27 , Paulo Sousa 28 , Noel Struchiner 14 , Vera Tripodi 29 , Naoki Usui 30 , Alejandro Vázquez del Mercado 11 , Giorgio Volpe 22 , Hrag A. Vosgerichian 17 , Xueyi Zhang 31 , Jing Zhu 32
Affiliation  

Is behavioral integration (i.e., which occurs when a subject's assertion that p matches her nonverbal behavior) a necessary feature of belief in folk psychology? Our data from over 5,000 people across 26 samples, spanning 22 countries suggests that it is not. Given the surprising cross-cultural robustness of our findings, we argue that the types of evidence for the ascription of a belief are, at least in some circumstances, lexicographically ordered: assertions are first taken into account, and when an agent sincerely asserts that p, nonlinguistic behavioral evidence is disregarded. In light of this, we take ourselves to have discovered a universal principle governing the ascription of beliefs in folk psychology.

中文翻译:

行为限制和民间信仰心理学:民族心理化研究

行为整合(即,当主体断言 p 与她的非语言行为相匹配时会发生这种情况)是民间心理学信仰的必要特征吗?我们来自 22 个国家的 26 个样本的 5,000 多人的数据表明事实并非如此。鉴于我们的发现令人惊讶的跨文化稳健性,我们认为,至少在某些情况下,信仰归属的证据类型是按字典顺序排列的:首先考虑断言,当代理真诚地断言 p ,非语言行为证据被忽略。有鉴于此,我们认为在民间心理学中发现了一个普遍的信念归属原则。
更新日期:2017-08-17
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