Digital privacy concerns are primarily viewed through the lens of personal data and content. But beneath the layer of content, less visible issues of infrastructure design and administration raise significant privacy concerns. The Internet’s Domain Name System (DNS) is one such terrain. There is already a great deal of attention around how the DNS intersects with freedom of speech, trademark disputes, cybersecurity challenges, and geopolitical power struggles in the aftermath of transitioning the historic U.S. oversight role to the global multistakeholder Internet governance community. However, the privacy implications embedded in the technical architecture of the DNS have received less attention, perhaps because these issues are concealed within complex technical arrangements outside of public view. This article explores privacy issues in the DNS by examining two contemporary, and still unresolved, case studies: the WHOIS system as a de facto Internet identity system revealing website registrants; and privacy in domain name queries, which have historically been unencrypted and therefore reveal personal information about what sites individuals visit. DNS privacy challenges not only demonstrate the important connection between infrastructure and rights, but also exemplify how cross-border, universal technologies come into conflict with the bounded laws of nation states. It is a critical moment of opportunity to examine these cases because their resolution will help determine the future of basic privacy rights online.

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基础结构的隐私：域名系统的未决案例

主要通过个人数据和内容的角度来查看数字隐私问题。但是在内容层之下，基础架构设计和管理的不那么明显的问题引起了严重的隐私问题。互联网的域名系统（DNS）就是这样一种地形。在将美国历史性的监督角色转变为全球多利益相关方互联网治理社区之后，DNS如何与言论自由，商标纠纷，网络安全挑战和地缘政治权利斗争相交，已经引起了广泛的关注。但是，DNS技术体系结构中所隐含的隐私含义受到的关注较少，这可能是因为这些问题隐藏在公众视野之外的复杂技术安排中。本文通过研究两个尚且尚未解决的当代案例研究来探讨DNS中的隐私问题。域名查询中的隐私权和隐私权，过去从未进行过加密，因此可以揭示有关个人访问的网站的个人信息。DNS隐私挑战不仅证明了基础设施与权利之间的重要联系，而且还举例说明了跨境通用技术如何与民族国家的法律相冲突。这是审视这些案件的关键时刻，因为它们的解决将有助于确定在线基本隐私权的未来。WHOIS系统作为事实互联网身份系统，可显示网站注册者；域名查询中的隐私权和隐私权，过去从未进行过加密，因此可以揭示有关个人访问的网站的个人信息。DNS隐私挑战不仅证明了基础设施与权利之间的重要联系，而且还举例说明了跨境通用技术如何与民族国家的法律相冲突。这是审视这些案件的关键时刻，因为它们的解决将有助于确定在线基本隐私权的未来。WHOIS系统作为事实互联网身份系统，可显示网站注册者；域名查询中的隐私权和隐私权，过去从未进行过加密，因此可以揭示有关个人访问的网站的个人信息。DNS隐私挑战不仅证明了基础设施与权利之间的重要联系，而且还举例说明了跨境通用技术如何与民族国家的法律相冲突。这是审视这些案件的关键时刻，因为它们的解决将有助于确定在线基本隐私权的未来。DNS隐私挑战不仅证明了基础设施与权利之间的重要联系，而且还举例说明了跨境通用技术如何与民族国家的法律相冲突。这是审查这些案件的关键时刻，因为它们的解决将有助于确定在线基本隐私权的未来。DNS隐私挑战不仅证明了基础设施与权利之间的重要联系，而且还举例说明了跨境通用技术如何与民族国家的法律相冲突。这是审查这些案件的关键时刻，因为它们的解决将有助于确定在线基本隐私权的未来。