Aristotle observes that substances have no contraries. Consider one possible role that the contrary of a substance might play, were it to exist. Just as objects serve as guarantors of the instantiation of properties, contraries of objects could serve as guarantors of the non‐instantiation of properties. By first considering a reframing of deontic logic that takes ‘being permitted’ rather than ‘being forbidden’ as the default state, I develop logical tools that allow the construction of extremal models in which everything is permitted and nothing is forbidden. Transferred to quantified logic, these same tools give us a conception of antiobjects which block property instantiation. The resulting picture of antiobjects is then used as a test case to examine questions about the role of symmetry considerations in philosophical methodology.

中文翻译：

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抗体

亚里斯多德（Aristotle）认为物质没有矛盾。考虑一下存在某种可能与物质相反的作用。正如对象充当属性实例化的保证者一样，对象的矛盾也可以充当属性非实例化的保证者。首先考虑重新定义以“被允许”而不是“被禁止”为默认状态的道义逻辑，我开发了逻辑工具，该逻辑工具允许构建极端模型，在该模型中，一切都是允许的，而一切都不被禁止。转移到量化逻辑后，这些相同的工具为我们提供了阻止对象实例化的反对象的概念。然后，将生成的反物图片用作测试案例，以检查有关对称性考虑因素在哲学方法论中的作用的问题。