Emerging research is beginning to highlight the influence of mindfulness on cognitive performance. However, researchers have yet to examine how mindfulness impacts cognition after people experience adversity or challenge within a task. The present study aims to build upon the existing theoretical knowledge base by investigating how a low‐dose mindfulness induction influences engagement, mood, performance, and persistence on a challenging cognitive task. It was hypothesized that compared to a wait‐list control group, mindful individuals would experience greater engagement, more adaptive mood, and enhanced performance on the difficult cognitive task. Results indicated that although the mindfulness and wait‐list control groups did not differ in how strenuous (difficult, stressful) they found the task, the mindfulness group reported significantly greater levels of engagement. Moreover, the mindfulness group reported higher levels of low‐arousal positive mood (e.g., calmness, tranquility) compared to the control group following the task. After exposure to the adversity component of the task, mindful individuals also responded with increased performance and persistence compared to the control group on a follow‐up task. Practical applications of these findings are discussed.

中文翻译：

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探索低剂量正念诱导对具有挑战性的认知任务中的表现和持久性的影响

新兴研究开始强调正念对认知表现的影响。然而，研究人员还没有研究在人们经历任务中的逆境或挑战后，正念如何影响认知。本研究旨在通过研究低剂量正念诱导如何影响具有挑战性的认知任务的参与，情绪，表现和毅力，在现有的理论知识基础上建立基础。假设与等待列表对照组相比，有思想的人在困难的认知任务上会表现出更大的参与度，更适应的情绪和更高的表现。结果表明，尽管正念和等待列表对照组在找到任务的努力程度（困难，压力）方面没有差异，正念小组报告的参与程度大大提高。此外，与完成任务后的对照组相比，正念组的低唤醒积极情绪（例如，平静，安宁）水平更高。在暴露于任务的逆境之后，与对照组相比，有意识的个体在执行后续任务时也表现出了更高的绩效和毅力。讨论了这些发现的实际应用。