Some have claimed that identity crowding is a case where we consciously see an object to which we are unable to pay attention. Opponents of this view offer alternative explanations, which emphasise the importance of prior knowledge, amongst other factors. We review new empirical evidence showing that prior knowledge has a profound effect on identity crowding. We argue that this is problematic for the “conscious seeing without attention” view, and supports an opposing view.

中文翻译：

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冗余掩盖和身份拥挤辩论

有些人声称身份拥挤是我们有意识地看到一个我们无法注意的物体的情况。该观点的反对者提供了其他解释，这些解释强调了先验知识的重要性以及其他因素。我们回顾了新的经验证据，这些证据表明先验知识对身份拥挤具有深远的影响。我们认为这对于“有意识地看到而没有注意”的观点是有问题的，并支持相反的观点。