This article examines the sexual culture of gay men in Budapest, Hungary, based on research in 2011. HIV prevalence in Hungary is relatively low, compared with the United States, Western Europe, and parts of Eastern Europe (where injecting drug use is common, elevating the HIV rate). This preliminary, qualitative study of 21 gay and bisexual men, examines their social and sexual culture (their norms and values) in order to explain their low HIV prevalence rate. This low rate is particularly interesting because Hungarian homophobia and inconsistent condom use among gay and bisexual men are cultural factors that would appear to raise the HIV rate. Cultural and subcultural differences are important in understanding Hungarian gay male behavior, for example, the emphasis on romance and monogamy as an ideal, the importance of one's personal reputation, a perceived lack of a strong gay community, a failure to use condoms when in love, and infrequent HIV testing. The anthropological concept of romantic love plays a decisive role in sexual decision‐making among same‐sex couples. As Nanda indicates, “Romantic love [like marriage] also appears to be universal, but it is not the basis of marriage in most societies…. Romantic love as a basis for marriage has over time, become more widespread across cultures. This phenomenon is integrated in different societies in different ways, depending on local contexts and global connections.” Despite widespread reluctance to use condoms while “in love,” there is also an accurate knowledge of safer sex among gay men in Hungary. One possible solution to this seemingly contradictory situation, not available at the time of the study, is to promote the use of preexposure prophylaxis (or PrEP). PrEP is a daily pill shown to be even more effective than condom use. [sexual culture, HIV prevalence, AIDS risk, Hungary, gay and bisexual men]

中文翻译：

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匈牙利男同性恋/双性恋者中HIV感染风险的文化因素：一项快速评估研究

本文根据2011年的研究调查了匈牙利布达佩斯的男同性恋性文化。与美国，西欧和东欧部分地区（注射毒品的情况比较普遍）相比，匈牙利的艾滋病毒感染率相对较低提高艾滋病毒感染率）。这项针对21位男同性恋和双性恋男人的初步定性研究检查了他们的社会和性文化（他们的规范和价值观），以解释他们的HIV感染率低。如此低的比率尤其令人感兴趣，因为匈牙利同性恋恐惧症和男同性恋和双性恋男性之间使用避孕套的不一致，是文化因素，似乎会增加艾滋病毒的感染率。文化和亚文化差异对于理解匈牙利同性恋男性行为非常重要，例如，强调浪漫和一夫一妻制是理想，一个人的重要性 的个人声誉，缺乏强大的同性恋社区，恋爱时不使用避孕套以及不经常进行HIV检测。浪漫爱情的人类学概念在同性伴侣的性决策中起着决定性的作用。正如南大（Nanda）指出的那样，“浪漫的爱情（如婚姻）似乎也具有普遍性，但这在大多数社会中并不是婚姻的基础……”。随着时间的流逝，浪漫爱情已成为婚姻的基础，在各种文化中也越来越普遍。根据当地情况和全球联系，这种现象以不同的方式整合到不同的社会中。” 尽管普遍不愿在“恋爱中”使用避孕套，但匈牙利的男同性恋者中也有关于安全性行为的准确知识。对于这种看似矛盾的情况的一种可能的解决方案，在研究之时尚不可用，是为了促进使用暴露前预防（或PrEP）。PrEP是一种日常避孕药，被证明比使用避孕套更有效。[性文化，艾滋病毒流行率，艾滋病风险，匈牙利，男同性恋和双性恋男人]