This article provides a brief outline of the impact of Turkish Freemasonry on the development of modern Turkey since the eighteenth century. It draws a short and incomplete history from a qualitative viewpoint, including influential topics, approaches, and camps. As European influences were historically strong in shaping Freemasonry on the Bosphorus, the text makes Turkish Freemasonry a case of Turkish‐European exchange and an example of specific currents of modernization, individualization, and liberalization—with all their pros and cons—within Islamic societies. The relevant questions are where and in which frameworks such currents may have been effective, where they perhaps produced the opposite of what they intended, and to what extent they could contribute to mitigating today’s torn political climate to all participants’ benefit. The article is based on interactions with representatives of Turkey’s Freemasonry, mainly of the liberal and progressive strands, making it more a narrative‐oriented account of an evolving greater picture than an array of detailed empirical‐scientific evidence on single pillars. The goal is to illustrate the complexity of “semi‐secular” socio‐religious dynamics in a Muslim context and to put the past into some relation to the present.

中文翻译：

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土耳其现代思想史上的共济会：自由化和个性化的因素吗？

本文简要概述了自18世纪以来土耳其共济会对现代土耳其发展的影响。它从定性的角度（包括有影响力的主题，方法和营地）得出简短而不完整的历史。由于欧洲的影响力在形成博斯普鲁斯海峡的共济会历史上具有强大的影响力，因此案文使土耳其共济会成为土耳其-欧洲交流的一个案例，并在伊斯兰社会中体现了现代化，个性化和自由化的各种潮流，并各有利弊。相关的问题是，这些潮流可能在什么地方和哪些框架有效，它们在哪里可能产生了与预期相反的结果，以及它们在多大程度上有助于缓解当今饱受摧残的政治气氛，使所有参与者受益。本文是基于与土耳其共济会代表（主要是自由派和进步派）的互动而进行的，这使它更具有叙述性，说明了不断发展的图景，而不是在单个支柱上有详尽的经验-科学证据。目的是说明穆斯林背景下“半世俗”社会宗教动态的复杂性，并将过去与现在联系起来。