Sulfur isotope variations in mantle-derived lavas provide important constraints on the evolution of planetary bodies. Here, we report the first in situ measurements of sulfur isotope ratios dissolved in primitive volcanic glasses and olivine-hosted melt inclusions recovered from the Moon by the Apollo 15 and 17 missions. The new data reveal large variations in ³⁴S/³²S ratios, which positively correlates with sulfur and titanium contents within and between the distinct compositional groups of volcanic glasses analyzed. Our results uncover several magmatic events that fractionated the primordial sulfur isotope composition of the Moon: the segregation of the lunar core and the crystallization of the lunar magma ocean, which led to the formation of the heterogeneous sources of the lunar magmatism, followed by magma degassing during generation, transport, and eruption of the lunar lavas. Whether the Earth’s and Moon’s interiors share a common ³⁴S/³²S ratio remains a matter of debate.

地幔熔岩中硫同位素的变化对行星体的演化提供了重要的限制。在这里，我们报告了阿波罗 15 号和 17 号任务从月球回收的原始火山玻璃和橄榄石熔体包裹体中溶解的硫同位素比率的首次原位测量。新数据揭示了³⁴ S/ ³² S 比率的巨大变化，这与所分析的火山玻璃的不同成分组内和之间的硫和钛含量呈正相关。我们的研究结果揭示了几个分馏月球原始硫同位素组成的岩浆事件：月球核心的分离和月球岩浆海洋的结晶，导致月球岩浆活动异质源的形成，随后岩浆脱气在月球熔岩的产生、运输和喷发过程中。地球和月球的内部是否具有共同的³⁴ S/ ³² S 比率仍然是一个有争议的问题。