Recently, the research on the vehicular ad hoc network (VANET) has been paid more attention by researchers with the quick development of the autonomous driving technology. In the VANET, vehicles can communicate with everything through the route established by routing algorithms. However, the topology of the VANET changes fast because the vehicles move fast. Also, as the number of vehicles increases, the probability of data collision and the transmission latency will also increase when communicating. Therefore, the VANET needs a stable, low-latency, and efficient route for vehicles to communicate with each other. However, the existing routing algorithms are either unable to aggregate data or are not suitable for the large-size VANET. In this paper, we consider the vehicle attribute information comprehensively and cluster the vehicles on the road by using the cluster algorithm we propose. We dynamically select the cluster heads at each moment according to their attribute information. We consider all kinds of nodes in the network and the vehicle nodes will communicate with each other through the cluster heads under the two-level communicating algorithm we propose. Compared with the existing cluster routing algorithm, the algorithm we propose is much more suitable for the large-size VANET because the cluster heads do not need a gateway to help them communicate. In the simulation part, we set some real street scenes in Simulation of Urban Mobility (SUMO) and the vehicles can move by the traffic rules like in the real world, which is more suitable for the VANET. After analysing the communication performance in Network Simulator version 2 (NS2), we can get a conclusion that the algorithm proposed is superior to the traditional routing algorithm. The route established by the algorithm we propose is much more stable and efficient. And the latency is also lower than the former.

中文翻译：

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车辆自组织网络中基于车辆属性信息的两级通信路由算法

近年来，随着自动驾驶技术的飞速发展，对车辆自组织网络（VANET）的研究已引起研究人员的更多关注。在VANET中，车辆可以通过路由算法建立的路由与所有事物进行通信。但是，VANET的拓扑结构变化很快，因为车辆移动很快。另外，随着车辆数量的增加，通信时数据冲突的可能性和传输等待时间也将增加。因此，VANET需要稳定，低延迟和高效的路由，以使车辆相互通信。但是，现有的路由算法要么无法聚合数据，要么不适合大型VANET。在本文中，我们综合考虑车辆属性信息，并使用我们提出的聚类算法对道路上的车辆进行聚类。我们根据其属性信息在每个时刻动态选择簇头。我们考虑了网络中的各种节点，并且车辆节点将在我们提出的两级通信算法下通过簇头相互通信。与现有的群集路由算法相比，我们提出的算法更适合大型VANET，因为群集头不需要网关来帮助它们进行通信。在模拟部分中，我们在“城市机动性模拟（SUMO）”中设置了一些真实的街道场景，并且车辆可以像现实世界中那样通过交通规则移动，这更适合VANET。通过分析网络模拟器版本2（NS2）中的通信性能，我们可以得出结论，该算法优于传统的路由算法。通过我们提出的算法建立的路由更加稳定和有效。而且延迟也比前者要低。