Effective and efficient closed-loop supply chain processes can provide a significant competitive edge for companies. This study considered three investment strategies in the process of initiating closed-loop supply chain alliances. The results showed that a promised proportion has a significant effect on investment decisions under a pure investment strategy. Furthermore, a reasonable promised proportion can coordinate the supply chain under a pure innovation strategy but cannot in a pure advertising strategy. Upstream (i.e., innovation) investments decrease wholesale and retail prices, while downstream ones increase retail and wholesale prices. Increasing innovation investment can transform benefits to the downstream, while increasing advertising investment may cause opportunism. A hybrid investment strategy balances upstream and downstream investment simultaneously and provides insights into optimizing the supply chain system in investments.

中文翻译：

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复杂数据分析的供应链联盟广告与运营创新最优分配的实证研究

有效和高效的闭环供应链流程可以为公司提供重要的竞争优势。本研究在启动闭环供应链联盟的过程中考虑了三种投资策略。结果表明，在纯投资策略下，承诺比例会对投资决策产生重大影响。此外，合理的承诺比例可以在纯创新策略下协调供应链，而在纯广告策略下则不能。上游（即创新）投资降低了批发和零售价格，而下游投资则提高了零售和批发价格。创新投资的增加可以将收益转化为下游的利益，而广告投资的增加则可能会带来机会主义。