Working with organs and tissue blocks is an essential task in medical environments. In order to prepare specimens for further analysis, wet-bench workers must dissect tissue and collect spatial metadata. The Registration User Interface (RUI) was developed to allow stakeholders in the Human Biomolecular Atlas Program (HuBMAP) to register tissue blocks by size, position, and orientation. The RUI has been used by tissue mapping centers across the HuBMAP consortium to register a total of 45 kidney, spleen, and colon tissue blocks. In this paper, we compare three setups for registering one 3D tissue block object to another 3D reference organ (target) object. The first setup is a 2D Desktop implementation featuring a traditional screen, mouse, and keyboard interface. The remaining setups are both virtual reality (VR) versions of the RUI: VR Tabletop, where users sit at a physical desk; VR Standup, where users stand upright. We ran a user study involving 42 human subjects completing 14 increasingly difficult and then 30 identical tasks and report position accuracy, rotation accuracy, completion time, and satisfaction. We found that while VR Tabletop and VR Standup users are about three times as fast and about a third more accurate in terms of rotation than 2D Desktop users, there are no significant differences for position accuracy. The performance values for the 2D Desktop version (22.6 seconds per task, 5.9 degrees rotation, and 1.32 mm position accuracy) confirm that the 2D Desktop interface is well-suited for registering tissue blocks at a speed and accuracy that meets the needs of experts performing tissue dissection. In addition, the 2D Desktop setup is cheaper, easier to learn, and more practical for wet-bench environments than the VR setups. All three setups were implemented using the Unity game engine, and study materials were made available, alongside videos documenting our setups.

中文翻译：

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比较虚拟现实中的完成时间，准确性和满意度与通用坐标框架注册用户界面（CCF RUI）的桌面实现

在医疗环境中，处理器官和组织块是一项必不可少的任务。为了准备进行进一步分析的标本，湿工作台工作人员必须解剖组织并收集空间元数据。开发了注册用户界面（RUI），以允许人类生物分子图谱计划（HuBMAP）中的涉众按大小，位置和方向注册组织块。HuBMAP联盟的组织测绘中心已使用RUI注册总共45个肾脏，脾脏和结肠组织块。在本文中，我们比较了将一个3D组织块对象注册到另一个3D参考器官（目标）对象的三种设置。第一个设置是具有传统屏幕，鼠标和键盘界面的2D桌面实现。其余设置均为RUI的虚拟现实（VR）版本：VR Tabletop，用户坐在实体桌子上的位置；VR Standup，用户可以直立。我们进行了一项用户研究，涉及42位人类受试者，完成了14项难度越来越大的任务，然后完成了30项相同的任务，并报告了位置精度，旋转精度，完成时间和满意度。我们发现，虽然VR Tabletop和VR Standup用户的旋转速度大约是2D桌面用户的三倍，旋转精确度大约是三分之二，但位置精度并没有明显的区别。2D桌面版本的性能值（每个任务22.6秒，旋转5.9度，位置精度为1.32毫米）证实2D桌面界面非常适合以快速，准确的速度注册组织块，满足专家执行的需求组织解剖。此外，2D桌面设置更便宜，更易于学习，比VR装置更适合湿式工作台环境。所有这三种设置都是使用Unity游戏引擎实现的，并且提供了学习资料以及记录我们设置的视频。