Climate warming increases the water needs of plants. The aim of this study was to estimate the water needs of grapevines in central Poland. Water needs were calculated using the crop coefficients method. Reference evapotranspiration was assessed by the Blaney–Criddle’s equation, modified for climate conditions in Poland. Crop coefficients were assumed according to the Doorenbos and Pruitt method. Water needs were calculated using the data from four meteorological stations. Rainfall deficit with the probability occurrence of normal years, medium dry years, and very dry years was determined by the Ostromęcki’s method. Water needs of grapevines during the average growing season were estimated at 438 mm. Upward time trend in the water needs both in the period of May–October and June–August was estimated. Temporal variability in the water needs was significant for all of the provinces. These changes were mainly impacted by a significant increasing tendency in mean air temperature and less by precipitation totals that did not show a clear changing tendency. Due to climate change, vineyards will require irrigation in the near future. The use of resource-efficient irrigation requires a precise estimate of the grapevines’ water needs. The study identified the water requirements for grapevines in central Poland.

中文翻译：

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波兰中部葡萄藤的水需求

气候变暖增加了植物对水的需求。这项研究的目的是估计波兰中部葡萄藤的水需求。使用作物系数法计算需水量。参考蒸发蒸腾量是根据Blaney-Criddle方程评估的，该方程针对波兰的气候条件进行了修改。根据Doorenbos和Pruitt方法假定作物系数。使用四个气象站的数据计算出需水量。通过Ostromęcki方法确定了降雨赤字以及正常年份，中等干旱年份和非常干旱年份的发生概率。在平均生长季节，葡萄的需水量估计为438毫米。估计了5月至10月和6月至8月期间水需求的上升时间趋势。所有省份的用水需求随时间变化很大。这些变化主要受到平均气温显着上升趋势的影响，而受到总降水量的影响较小，降水总量没有显示出明显的变化趋势。由于气候变化，葡萄园将在不久的将来需要灌溉。资源节约型灌溉的使用需要对葡萄的需水量进行精确估算。该研究确定了波兰中部葡萄藤的需水量。资源节约型灌溉的使用需要对葡萄的需水量进行精确估算。该研究确定了波兰中部葡萄藤的需水量。资源节约型灌溉的使用需要对葡萄的需水量进行精确估算。该研究确定了波兰中部葡萄藤的需水量。