Cannabis use disorder (CUD) is an underappreciated risk of using cannabis that affects ~10% of the 193 million cannabis users worldwide. The individual and public health burdens are less than those of other forms of drug use, but CUD accounts for a substantial proportion of persons seeking treatment for drug use disorders owing to the high global prevalence of cannabis use. Cognitive behavioural therapy, motivational enhancement therapy and contingency management can substantially reduce cannabis use and cannabis-related problems, but enduring abstinence is not a common outcome. No pharmacotherapies have been approved for cannabis use or CUD, although a number of drug classes (such as cannabinoid agonists) have shown promise and require more rigorous evaluation. Treatment of cannabis use and CUD is often complicated by comorbid mental health and other substance use disorders. The legalization of non-medical cannabis use in some high-income countries may increase the prevalence of CUD by making more potent cannabis products more readily available at a lower price. States that legalize medical and non-medical cannabis use should inform users about the risks of CUD and provide information on how to obtain assistance if they develop cannabis-related mental and/or physical health problems.

大麻使用障碍 (CUD) 是一种被低估的使用大麻风险，它影响着全球 1.93 亿大麻使用者中的约 10%。个人和公共健康负担低于其他形式的吸毒，但由于全球大麻使用率很高，因此 CUD 在寻求吸毒疾患治疗的人中占很大比例。认知行为疗法、动机增强疗法和应急管理可以大大减少大麻的使用和大麻相关的问题，但持久的禁欲并不是一种常见的结果。尽管许多药物类别（例如大麻素激动剂）已显示出前景并需要更严格的评估，但尚未批准用于大麻使用或 CUD 的药物疗法。大麻使用和 CUD 的治疗往往因合并精神健康和其他物质使用障碍而变得复杂。在一些高收入国家，非医用大麻使用合法化可能会通过以更低的价格更容易获得更有效的大麻产品而增加 CUD 的流行。将医疗和非医疗大麻使用合法化的国家应告知用户 CUD 的风险，并提供有关在出现与大麻相关的精神和/或身体健康问题时如何获得帮助的信​​息。