Purpose

To characterize changes in work hours across a career in law enforcement.

Design/methodology/approach

N = 113 police officers enrolled in the BCOPS cohort were studied. The police officers started their careers in law enforcement between 1994 and 2001 at a mid-sized, unionized police department in northwestern New York and continued to work at this police department for at least 15 years. Day-by-day work history records were obtained from the payroll department. Work hours, leave hours and other pay types were summarized for each calendar year across their first 15 years of employment. Linear mixed-effects models with a random intercept over subject were used to determine if there were significant changes in pay types over time.

Findings

A total of 1,617 individual-years of data were analyzed. As the police officers gained seniority at the department, they worked fewer hours and fewer night shifts. Total paid hours did not significantly change due to seniority-based increases in vacation time. Night shift work was increasingly in the form of overtime as officers gained seniority. Overtime was more prevalent at the beginning of a career and after a promotion from police officer to detective.

Originality/value

Shiftwork and long work hours have negative effects on sleep and increase the likelihood of on-duty fatigue and performance impairment. The results suggest that there are different points within a career in law enforcement where issues surrounding shiftwork and long work hours may be more prevalent. This has important implications for predicting fatigue, developing effective countermeasures and measuring fatigue-related costs.

中文翻译：

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一项为期15年的研究，涉及整个执法职业的工作和加班

目的

表征执法职业整个工作时间的变化。

设计/方法/方法

对N  = 113名参加BCOPS队列的警察进行了研究。警务人员从1994年至2001年在纽约西北部一个中等规模的工会联合警察部门开始了其职业生涯，并继续在该警察部门工作了至少15年。日常工作历史记录是从薪资部门获得的。总结了他们在工作的头15年中每个日历年的工作时间，请假时间和其他工资类型。线性混合效应模型具有对受试者的随机拦截，可以用来确定薪酬类型是否随时间发生显着变化。

发现

总共对1,617个个人年的数据进行了分析。随着警务人员在该部门的升职，他们减少了工作时间，减少了夜班工作。由于基于工龄的休假时间增加，总带薪小时数没有明显变化。随着人员的升职，夜班工作正越来越以加班的形式出现。在职业生涯初期和从警官晋升为侦探后，加班更为普遍。

创意/价值

轮班工作和长时间工作会对睡眠产生负面影响，并增加了值班疲劳和性能受损的可能性。结果表明，执法职业中存在不同的观点，其中轮班和长时间工作的问题可能更为普遍。这对于预测疲劳，制定有效的对策以及测量与疲劳相关的成本具有重要意义。