Indigenous communities are increasingly turning to archaeological remote sensing to help detect and preserve the material remains of their pasts without extensive excavations. For some Indigenous communities, histories of dispossession and mobility have led to a disconnection between them and archaeological sites, leading to challenges with collaborative models emphasizing local engagement. Here, we present a case study where the nearest modern community associated with the site is hundreds of kilometres away but preserving their heritage is important. The Métis, an Indigenous nation, emerged alongside the North American fur trade during the seventeenth century and became a distinct people. During the nineteenth century, the Métis adopted a highly mobile lifestyle, centred around bison hunting, where they would form temporary villages to overwinter on the northern plains. This case study highlights a post-contact application of remote sensing where the targets are not large colonial structures but more ephemeral and short-term occupation sites. We applied multiple methods, specifically ground-penetrating radar (GPR), magnetic gradiometry, multi-spectral and orthographic UAV imagery, to survey the mid-nineteenth-century Métis wintering site of Chimney Coulee (DjOe-6), near Eastend, Saskatchewan, Canada. Using high-frequency GPR (900 MHz) and magnetic gradiometry, this survey successfully delineated the wood wall remains and chimney of one cabin, later confirmed through targeted excavation. The survey was then expanded to other higher potential areas of the site to help refine the approach and define other areas of interest. Here, we outline the results of the Chimney Coulee project and our progress in developing an integrated remote sensing approach for Métis sites. We conclude that there are many forms of collaboration to which remote sensing can contribute and that careful survey can provide insights for modern groups' sense of identity, homelands and Indigenous rights.

中文翻译：

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加拿大大草原梅蒂斯考古的综合遥感方法

土著社区越来越多地转向考古遥感，以帮助检测和保存他们过去的物质遗骸，而无需进行大量挖掘。对于一些原住民社区来说，剥夺和流动的历史导致他们与考古遗址之间的脱节，导致强调当地参与的合作模式面临挑战。在这里，我们展示了一个案例研究，其中与该遗址相关的最近的现代社区在数百公里之外，但保护他们的遗产很重要。梅蒂人是一个土著民族，在 17 世纪与北美毛皮贸易一起出现并成为一个独特的民族。在 19 世纪，梅蒂斯人采取了高度流动的生活方式，以野牛狩猎为中心，他们将在那里形成临时村庄，在北部平原上越冬。本案例研究突出了遥感的接触后应用，其中目标不是大型殖民结构，而是更短暂和短期的占领地点。我们应用了多种方法，特别是探地雷达 (GPR)、磁梯度测量、多光谱和正交无人机图像，调查了 19 世纪中叶梅蒂斯的烟囱古力 (DjOe-6) 越冬地点，靠近萨斯喀彻温省 Eastend，加拿大。使用高频探地雷达（900 MHz）和磁梯度，这项调查成功地描绘了一个小屋的木墙遗迹和烟囱，后来通过有针对性的挖掘得到证实。然后将调查扩展到站点的其他更高潜力的区域，以帮助改进方法并定义其他感兴趣的区域。这里，我们概述了 Chimney Coulee 项目的结果以及我们在为 Métis 站点开发综合遥感方法方面的进展。我们得出的结论是，遥感可以促进多种形式的合作，仔细调查可以为现代群体的身份、家园和土著权利提供见解。