Arctic systems are under intense pressure from anthropogenic activities, with climate change in particular inducing rapid change in the interlinked cycling of water and various biogeochemical constituents, and thus also the ecological processes that depend on these cycles. This special issue for Limnology and Oceanography explores our changing Arctic, with contributions across the watershed‐lake‐river‐estuary‐coastal‐open ocean continuum, and foci ranging from physical and chemical processes to food webs. Some specific areas of focus include legacy pollution from mines, greenhouse gas emissions from lakes, riverine fluxes of materials, as well as the balance between primary production and respiration in the water column and benthos in marine systems. While varied in focus, as a collection the papers in this special issue do provide direction into key avenues for future effort. For example, while Arctic systems are historically understudied due to financial and logistical costs, long‐term monitoring efforts are clearly critical for documenting change, despite the challenges. In freshwater systems, predicting biogeochemistry, and thus ecology, based on landscape characteristics and lake morphology is an ongoing practice that seems particularly promising for both upscaling and decisions on focusing future research effort. In marine and coastal systems, complementing specific local studies with large‐scale cross‐disciplinary monitoring programs is clearly required for elucidating long‐term trends. While baseline research is critical for documenting the Arctic as it currently stands, and constitutes the majority of current research efforts, ongoing support for long‐term observatories and expanding remote sensing capabilities is a fundamental requirement for tracking change.

中文翻译：

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北极变化中的元素循环和水生功能

北极系统受到人为活动的巨大压力，特别是气候变化导致水和各种生物地球化学成分的相互关联的循环快速变化，从而也导致了依赖于这些循环的生态过程。本期《湖泊学与海洋学》特刊探索我们不断变化的北极，在流域，湖，河口，沿海，开放海洋的连续性上做出贡献，重点从物理和化学过程到食物网。一些特定的重点领域包括矿山的遗留污染，湖泊的温室气体排放，河流的物质通量，以及水系和海洋系统底栖生物的初级生产与呼吸之间的平衡。尽管重点有所不同，但作为本期特刊的论文集，确实为将来的工作提供了重要途径的方向。例如，尽管历史上由于财务和物流成本而对北极系统进行了研究，但尽管面临挑战，但长期监控工作显然对于记录变更至关重要。在淡水系统中，预测生物地球化学，进而预测生态，基于景观特征和湖泊形态的研究是一项持续不断的实践，对于扩大规模和决定将重点放在未来的研究工作上似乎特别有前途。在海洋和沿海系统中，显然需要用大规模的跨学科监测计划来补充特定的本地研究，以阐明长期趋势。尽管基线研究对于记录北极目前的状况至关重要，并且构成了当前的大部分研究工作，但对长期观测站的不断支持和不断扩大的遥感能力是跟踪变化的基本要求。为了阐明长期趋势，显然需要使用大规模的跨学科监测计划来补充特定的本地研究。尽管基线研究对于记录北极目前的状况至关重要，并且构成了当前的大部分研究工作，但对长期观测站的不断支持和不断扩大的遥感能力是跟踪变化的基本要求。为了阐明长期趋势，显然需要使用大规模的跨学科监测计划来补充特定的本地研究。尽管基线研究对于记录北极目前的状况至关重要，并且构成了当前的大部分研究工作，但对长期观测站的不断支持和不断扩大的遥感能力是跟踪变化的基本要求。