Mercury ion (Hg²⁺) can affect the quality of water and cause damage to human health. Therefore, the detection of Hg²⁺ in water, especially trace Hg²⁺, is very important. However, the detection limit (approximately 200 pM) of conventional Hg²⁺ sensors is far lower than the detection limit (7.5 pM) proposed by the US Environmental Protection Agency for measuring Hg²⁺. Here, we have developed a novel sensor based on niobium disulfide (NbS₂)’s high perfect performance. The maximum value of SPR sensitivities approached to 193°∕RIU achieved by coating the NbS₂ nanosheets in simulation calculation, which had increased by 38.1% compared with the case without NbS₂ overlayer. More importantly, this work also detected the ultra-low concentration of Hg²⁺ and describes the sensing mechanism of NbS₂ based SPR sensors. Surprisingly, these sensors were used to detect mercury and the value of sensitivity is 13.55°∕μM, and detection limit approach 1 pM. NbS₂ nanosheets based SPR sensors provided innovative design ideas for the development of ultra-sensitive detection technology.

汞离子（Hg ²⁺）会影响水的质量并损害人体健康。因此，检测水中的Hg ²⁺尤其是痕量Hg ²⁺非常重要。但是，传统的Hg ²⁺传感器的检测极限（约200 pM）远低于美国环境保护局提出的用于测量Hg ²⁺的检测极限（7.5 pM）。在这里，我们开发了一种基于二硫化铌（NbS ₂）的高完美性能的新型传感器。通过在模拟计算中涂覆NbS ₂纳米片获得的SPR敏感性最大值接近193°RIU ，与没有NbS的情况相比，增加了38.1％_2个覆盖层。更重要的是，这项工作还检测到了Hg ²⁺的超低浓度，并描述了基于NbS ₂的SPR传感器的传感机制。出乎意料的是，这些传感器用于检测汞，灵敏度值为13.55°∕μM，检测极限接近1 pM。基于NbS ₂纳米片的SPR传感器为超灵敏检测技术的发展提供了创新的设计思路。