In this paper, we respond to the COVID-19 pandemic by constructing supply chain network optimization models, which explicitly include labor as an important variable in the network economic activity links, along with associated capacities. Labor is a critical resource in supply chains from production to transportation, storage, and distribution. In a pandemic, the availability of labor for different supply chain network activities may be disrupted due to illness, fear of contagion, morbidity, necessity of social/physical distancing, etc. The modeling framework considers first elastic demands for a product and then fixed demands, coupled with distinct types of labor capacities in order to capture the availability of this valuable resource in a pandemic, as well as possible flexibility. The supply chain network framework, which includes electronic commerce, is relevant to many different supply chain applications including protective personal and medical equipment, as well as to particular food items. Theoretical results as well as computed numerical examples are presented.

在本文中，我们通过构建供应链网络优化模型来应对 COVID-19 大流行，该模型明确将劳动力作为网络经济活动环节中的重要变量，以及相关能力。劳动力是从生产到运输、储存和配送的供应链中的关键资源。在大流行病中，不同供应链网络活动的劳动力可用性可能会因疾病、对传染的恐惧、发病率、社交/物理距离的必要性等而中断。建模框架首先考虑对产品的弹性需求，然后考虑固定需求，再加上不同类型的劳动力能力，以便在大流行病中获取这种宝贵资源的可用性以及可能的灵活性。供应链网络框架，其中包括电子商务，与许多不同的供应链应用相关，包括个人防护和医疗设备，以及特定食品。给出了理论结果和计算的数值例子。