Homeostasis of the intestinal microbiota is currently recognized as a major contributor to human health. Furthermore, intestinal dysbiosis is associated with a multitude of consequences, including intestinal colonization by antibiotic-resistant or pathogenic bacteria, such as Clostridioides difficile, and reduced efficacy of promising anticancer immunotherapies. By far, the most immediate and drastic exposure leading to dysbiosis is antibiotic treatment. Many attempts have been made to prevent or repair antibiotic-associated dysbiosis. Here, we review these innovations and the difficulties associated with their development.

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备用和修复抗生素引起的肠道菌群失调：最先进的技术

肠道微生物群的稳态目前被认为是人类健康的主要贡献者。此外，肠道菌群失调与许多后果有关，包括抗生素耐药性或致病菌（如艰难梭菌）在肠道定植，以及有希望的抗癌免疫疗法的疗效降低。到目前为止，导致生态失调的最直接和最剧烈的暴露是抗生素治疗。已经进行了许多尝试来预防或修复抗生素相关的生态失调。在这里，我们回顾了这些创新以及与其发展相关的困难。