Late 19th‐century feminist utopian fiction provides empowering examples of societies governed by women. However, these imaginary societies only exist through radical changes to women’s reproductive roles. At the same time, these societies also anticipate feminist interest in eugenics through proposals to regulate marriage, eliminate unhealthy members of society, and adopt measures for the moral improvement of the human race. Elizabeth Corbett’s New Amazonia (1889) argues that a state governed only by women would achieve high moral standards, while eugenics and strict scientific regulation would guarantee improvements in health and longevity. Mary E. Bradley Lane’s Mizora (1880–1881) proposes an entirely separatist world where the elimination of men, following the development of an asexual process of reproduction, would lead to a scientifically perfect society. Alice Ilgenfritz Jones and Ella Merchant’s Unveiling a Parallel (1893), on the other hand, questions the idea of the intrinsic immorality of men, showing a utopia wherein women behave as badly as men given the same societal freedom. Instead, eugenic selection has supported evolution to a higher state of morality in which children are no longer conceived through sexual acts.

中文翻译：

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19世纪末的优生学-世纪女性主义的乌托邦

19世纪末的女性主义乌托邦小说提供了由妇女统治的社会的有力例子。但是，这些假想的社会只有通过彻底改变妇女的生殖作用而存在。同时，这些社会还通过规范婚姻，消除社会上不健康的成员以及采取措施改善人类道德的提议，预料到女性主义者对优生学的兴趣。伊丽莎白·科贝特（Elizabeth Corbett）的《新亚马逊州（New Amazonia）》（1889年）认为，仅由妇女统治的国家将达到较高的道德标准，而优生学和严格的科学法规将保证健康和长寿。玛丽·E·布拉德利·莱恩（Mary E. Bradley Lane）的《米佐拉（Mizora）（1880–1881）》提出了一个完全分离的世界，在这种世界中，随着无性生殖过程的发展，人类被消灭，将导致一个科学上完美的社会。另一方面，爱丽丝·伊尔根弗里兹·琼斯（Alice Ilgenfritz Jones）和埃拉·默坎特（Ella Merchant）的《揭开平行面》一书则质疑男人内在的不道德观念，这表明乌托邦在其中，女人在享有同样的社会自由时表现得与男人一样差。取而代之的是，优生选择支持了向更高道德水平的进化，在更高道德水平下，儿童不再通过性行为受孕。