Max Weber introduced the idea of separate, historically evolving spheres of life as a way to analyse social formations on a societal level. This article develops the notion of spheres of life on the level of actors themselves. It proposes answering the questions of what spheres of life exist and how they relate to each other by looking at the actors’ perspectives. Using the concept of articulation outlined by Hans Joas, the article proposes that ideas about spheres of life are shaped in continuous processes of articulation by elites and laypersons alike. By elaborating Joas’ distinction between ‘attractive-motivating’ values and ‘restrictive-obligatory’ norms, the article suggests that spheres of life can be distinguished analytically according to their experiential quality and relation to morality. The notion of spheres of life can thus serve as a useful theoretical lens for analysing how social and moral orders are (re)produced and changed in everyday life.

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使用 Max Weber 的“生活领域”：以演员为中心的方法

马克斯·韦伯（Max Weber）引入了分离的、历史上不断发展的生活领域的想法，以此作为在社会层面分析社会形态的一种方式。本文在演员本身的层面上发展了生活领域的概念。它建议通过观察演员的视角来回答生活的哪些领域存在以及它们如何相互关联的问题。文章使用汉斯·乔亚斯 (Hans Joas) 概述的表达概念，提出有关生活领域的想法是在精英和非专业人士的连续表达过程中形成的。通过阐述乔亚斯对“吸引力-激励”价值观和“限制-义务”规范之间的区别，文章表明可以根据生活领域的体验质量和与道德的关系进行分析区分。