This article explores the relation between Durkheim and Tönnies’ sociological thinking. Instead of focusing on their divergences, it shows how the content of their mutual criticisms, before being naturalized in national sociological traditions, reveals a shared epistemological aim: to rethink modern moral and political obligation via sociological theory. From this perspective, the opposition between Durkheim’s social fact and Tönnies’ social will reveals how classical sociological theory has been engaged in a general critisicm of modern natural law in order to furnish a different understanding of modern poltical concepts, in particular of the notion of state.

中文翻译：

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在事实与意志之间：Tönnies、Durkheim 和对现代义务的社会学批判

本文探讨了涂尔干与托尼的社会学思想之间的关系。它没有关注他们的分歧，而是展示了他们相互批评的内容在融入国家社会学传统之前如何揭示一个共同的认识论目标：通过社会学理论重新思考现代道德和政治义务。从这个角度看，涂尔干的社会事实与汤尼斯的社会意志之间的对立揭示了古典社会学理论如何对现代自然法进行普遍批判，以提供对现代政治概念，特别是国家概念的不同理解。 .