Simmel was the only German sociologist who directly cooperated with Durkheim. After an initial impression of convergence between the sociology of social facts and the sociology of social forms, a break between the two founders of sociology became inevitable. Yet, Durkheim and Simmel went on positioning themselves against one other in the years ahead. Durkheim’s allegation of ‘individual psychologism’ induced Simmel to a veiled reception of Durkheim’s methodological approach that permitted him to refine the sociological epistemology he eventually presented in the Soziologie published in 1908. On this basis, he was able to formulate a final criticism of the sociology of social facts as a social psychology.

中文翻译：

---

对话。分歧。面纱接待。批评：乔治·齐美尔与埃米尔·涂尔干的关系

齐美尔是唯一直接与涂尔干合作的德国社会学家。在社会事实的社会学和社会形式的社会学融合的初步印象之后，社会学的两位创始人之间的决裂变得不可避免。然而，在接下来的几年里，涂尔干和齐美尔继续相互竞争。涂尔干对“个体心理学”的指控使齐美尔暗中接受涂尔干的方法论方法，这使他能够完善最终在 1908 年出版的《社会学》中提出的社会学认识论。在此基础上，他能够对社会学提出最终的批评社会事实作为一种社会心理学。