Survey research is a form of social interaction with its own set of guiding principles. As in all social interactions, there are implicit cultural and political values and beliefs that can influence the way respondents choose to answer survey questions. Previous research within the United States has found that the presence of an interviewer can influence the validity of survey responses (e.g., Tourangeau, Rips, & Rasinki, 2000). Similar findings have been found cross-culturally (e.g., Kim & Kim, 2016). While there has been an abundant amount of research on interviewer effects in and outside the United States, little research has examined social desirability bias (SDB) in the context of an ethnonational conflict, and specifically among populations struggling for self-determination. In this research note, we examine the effect of SDB by showing the specific ways survey mode (interviewer-administered vs. self-administered) affects responses among Palestinians immersed in a prolonged conflict and a struggle for political independence.

中文翻译：

---

调查陷入冲突的社会：巴勒斯坦社会意愿偏见的证据

调查研究是一种具有其自身指导原则的社会互动形式。与所有社会互动一样，隐含的文化和政治价值观和信仰会影响受访者选择回答调查问题的方式。美国以前的研究发现，访问者的存在会影响调查答复的有效性（例如，图朗乔、里普斯和拉辛基，2000）。在跨文化中也发现了类似的发现（例如，Kim & Kim，2016 年）。虽然在美国国内外有大量关于面试官影响的研究，但很少有研究在民族冲突的背景下检查社会期望偏差 (SDB)，特别是在争取自决权的人群中。在这份研究报告中，