One of the most prominent models of successful aging (Rowe and Kahn, 1997) is based on three criteria: freedom from disease, high physical and cognitive functioning, and active engagement with life. Research has shown that the application of this model on very old people results in a substantially decreased number of successful agers. So recent studies are oriented toward finding alternative criteria in order to extend the concept of successful aging and make it more applicable on the very old. Using data collected on a sample of 479 older subjects, 60 to 95 years old, we compared two models of successful aging, namely the biomedical and the alternative model (the latter using the following criteria: good subjective health, perception of good financial status and high level of happiness). The criteria of the alternative model were met by 19.4 % of the older subjects, while the application of the criteria of Rowe and Kahn’s model resulted in a substantially lower percentage of successful agers (7.9 %) in the same sample. In the next step of the analysis, we compared two extreme groups (successful and unsuccessful agers), finding out that there were no significant age and sex differences 537 between them. Nevertheless, the successful group scored significantly higher on the self-rated successful aging, optimism, and generativity scales. The results of the study indicate the continued need to consider the criteria of successful aging in order to make this construct more applicable and utilizable.

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生物医学与成功衰老替代模型的比较

成功衰老的最杰出模型之一（Rowe和Kahn，1997）基于三个标准：不受疾病侵害，身体和认知功能高以及对生活的积极参与。研究表明，此模型在非常老的人群中的应用导致成功的老年人数量大大减少。因此，最近的研究旨在寻找替代标准，以扩展成功衰老的概念并使之更适用于非常老的年龄。使用从479位年龄在60至95岁之间的老年受试者的样本中收集的数据，我们比较了成功衰老的两种模型，即生物医学模型和替代模型（后者使用以下标准：主观健康状况良好，对财务状况的良好感知和高水平的幸福）。替代模型的标准已达到19。4％的老年受试者，同时应用Rowe和Kahn模型的标准导致同一样本中成功年龄的比例大大降低（7.9％）。在分析的下一步中，我们比较了两个极端组（成功和不成功的老年人），发现他们之间没有明显的年龄和性别差异537。然而，在自我评估的成功衰老，乐观和生殖能力量表上，成功的组的得分明显更高。研究结果表明，继续需要考虑成功老化的标准，以使这种结构更加适用和可利用。在分析的下一步中，我们比较了两个极端组（成功和不成功的老年人），发现他们之间没有明显的年龄和性别差异537。然而，在自我评估的成功衰老，乐观和生殖能力量表上，成功的组的得分明显更高。研究结果表明，继续需要考虑成功老化的标准，以使这种结构更加适用和可利用。在分析的下一步中，我们比较了两个极端组（成功和不成功的老年人），发现他们之间没有明显的年龄和性别差异537。然而，在自我评估的成功衰老，乐观和生殖能力量表上，成功的组的得分明显更高。研究结果表明，继续需要考虑成功老化的标准，以使这种结构更加适用和可利用。