How far is Thomas Aquinas available for current discussions in political philosophy? While there are certainly things to be learned from him about our political preoccupations, the pedagogy of his moral teaching typically resists our familiar questions. This holds even when the question is put in terms that Thomas should recognize—say, as a question about the virtues appropriate for a democracy. Thomas not only gives different meanings to these terms, he moves political topics away from the center of theological attention and so organizes them very differently. A reader can notice these differences at many points but perhaps especially in the attention that Thomas gives in the Summa to the gifts of the Holy Spirit. His account of these gifts qualifies significantly what he says of virtue and suggests large limits on human agency, whether in ethics or in politics.

中文翻译：

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民主道德教育与圣灵的恩赐

托马斯·阿奎那 (Thomas Aquinas) 可用于当前政治哲学讨论的程度如何？虽然肯定有一些东西可以从他身上学到我们对政治的关注，但他的道德教学法通常会抵制我们熟悉的问题。即使用托马斯应该承认的术语来提出问题，这也是成立的——比如说，作为一个关于适合民主的美德的问题。托马斯不仅赋予这些术语不同的含义，而且他将政治话题从神学关注的中心移开，因此以非常不同的方式组织它们。读者可以在许多方面注意到这些差异，但也许特别是多马在总结中对圣灵恩赐的关注。他对这些天赋的描述在很大程度上符合他对美德的说法，并暗示了人类能动性的巨大限制