Is it joint democracy or state similarity that has a pacifying impact on interstate relations? This study explores the complementarity of the two propositions and demonstrates the potential of a particular kind of shared emancipative culture embracing values of autonomy, equality, choice, and voice to amplify the impact of joint democracy on interstate conflict. The data on cultural values, which comes from the World Values Survey, was integrated with the data from the Correlates of War Project to test the impact of joint democracy and cultural similarity on militarised interstate disputes (1981–2010). We find that culturally similar dyads are less likely to be involved in conflict with each other than culturally dissimilar dyads. Although, cultural similarity does not wash out the pacifying effect of democracy, it offers a complementary explanation to the democratic peace. We also find that states that are democratic and share higher than average scores on the emancipative values are less likely to engage in militarised interstate disputes than democratic states, which are culturally dissimilar or score low on the emancipative dimensions. This provides support for an additional normative/cultural impact on democratic peace.

中文翻译：

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民主和平还是文化和平？从共同解放价值观的角度审视共同的民主和平主张

是共同民主还是国家相似性对国家间关系产生了安定的影响？本研究探讨了这两个命题的互补性，并展示了一种特定类型的共享解放文化的潜力，这种文化包含自主、平等、选择和发言权等价值观，以扩大联合民主对州际冲突的影响。来自世界价值观调查的文化​​价值观数据与来自战争相关项目的数据相结合，以测试联合民主和文化相似性对军事化国家间争端（1981-2010）的影响。我们发现，与文化不同的二元相比，文化相似的二元之间发生冲突的可能性较小。虽然，文化上的相似性并不能冲淡民主的安抚作用，它为民主和平提供了补充解释。我们还发现，民主国家和在解放价值观上的得分高于平均水平的国家比民主国家更不可能参与军事化的州际争端，民主国家在文化上不同或在解放方面得分较低。这为对民主和平产生额外的规范/文化影响提供了支持。