Yield losses at maturity due to unsynchronized pod shattering remain a major rapeseed breeding challenge. Variation for shatter resistance in the germplasm collections is inadequate for breeding manipulations. We have recently transferred resistance to pod shattering from Brassica carinata to Brassica napus. Introgression lines (ILs) were phenotyped for shatter resistance using the pendulum machine. Introgressive breeding was successful in enhancing rupture energy in the ILs, which varied from 1.8 to 7.2 milli Joules (mJ) for Environment 1 (E1) and 2.7 to 6.5 mJ for E2 while the corresponding values for natural B. napus ranged from 2.2-3.5 mJ (E1) and 2.2-4.3 mJ (E2), respectively. B. carinata had average rupture energy of 6.3 mJ (pooled over environments). On the basis of data averaged over two environments, I2 (6.3 mJ), I3 (5.2 mJ), I8 (5.6 mJ), I22 (5.1 mJ), I32 (5.2 mJ) and I41 (5.2 mJ) appeared very promising as germplasm resources for future breeding. Significant marker trait association between candidate gene NAC NAM (no apical meristem, Petunia), ATAF1/2 (Arabidopsis thaliana activating factor) and CUC2 (cup-shaped cotyledon, Arabidopsis) and rupture energy explained 19% of variation for the trait. IND3 (indehescent 3) also appeared to be associated with rupture energy under E1. These polymorphisms serve as encouraging candidates for developing molecular markers useful in marker-assisted deployment of introgressed shatter resistance.

中文翻译：

---

基于候选基因的甘蓝型油菜渗入荚果抗裂性的关联研究

油菜籽不同步造成的成熟期产量损失仍然是油菜育种的主要挑战。种质收集中抗碎裂性的变化不足以进行育种操作。最近，我们已将对荚果碎裂的抵抗力从芸苔属转移到甘蓝型油菜。使用摆锤仪对渗入系（IL）进行表型分析，以防碎裂。渐渗育种成功地增强了IL的破裂能，环境1（E1）的破裂能从1.8到7.2毫焦耳（EJ），E2的破裂能从2.7到6.5毫焦耳，而天然油菜的相应值在2.2-3.5范围内。 mJ（E1）和2.2-4.3 mJ（E2）。卡氏芽孢杆菌的平均破裂能为6.3 mJ（在环境中汇集）。根据两种环境下的平均数据，I2（6.3 mJ），I3（5.2 mJ），I8（5.6 mJ），I22（5.1 mJ），I32（5.2 mJ）和I41（5.2 mJ）看起来很有希望未来繁殖的资源。候选基因NAC NAM（无顶端分生组织，矮牵牛），ATAF1 / 2（拟南芥 激活因子）和CUC2（杯状子叶，拟南芥）之间的显着标记性状关联与断裂能说明该性状变异的19％。IND3（不发光3）也似乎与E1下的破裂能有关。这些多态性可作为开发分子标记的令人鼓舞的候选对象，这些分子标记可用于标记辅助的渐渗抗碎性的部署。