BACKGROUND:Black raspberry is a vital fruit crop with a high antioxidant function. MADS-box genes play an important role in the regulation of fruit development in angiosperms. OBJECTIVE:To understand the regulatory role of the MADS-box family, a total of 80 MADS-box genes were identified and analyzed. METHODS:The MADS-box genes in the black raspberry genome were analyzed using bioinformatics methods. Through an analysis of the promoter elements, the possible functions of different members of the family were predicted. The spatiotemporal expression patterns of members of the MADS-box family during black raspberry fruit development and ripening were systematically analyzed. RESULTS:The genes were classified into type I (Mα: 33; Mβ: 6; Mγ: 10) and type II (MIKC *: 2; MIKCC: 29) genes. We also obtained a complete overview of the RoMADS-box gene family through phylogenetic, gene structure, conserved motif, and cis element analyses. The relative expression analysis showed different expression patterns, and most RoMADS-box genes were more highly expressed in fruit than in other tissues of black raspberry. CONCLUSIONS:This finding indicates that the MADS-box gene family is involved in the regulation of fruit ripening processes in black raspberry.

中文翻译：

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MADS-box基因家族的全基因组鉴定和分析及其在黑树莓（Rubus occidentalis L.）果实成熟中的潜在作用

背景：黑莓是一种重要的水果作物，具有很高的抗氧化功能。MADS-box基因在被子植物果实发育的调控中起着重要作用。目的：为了解MADS-box家族的调控作用，共鉴定并分析了80个MADS-box基因。方法：采用生物信息学方法分析黑莓基因组中的MADS-box基因。通过对启动子元件的分析，预测了家族中不同成员的可能功能。系统分析了黑莓果实发育和成熟过程中MADS-box家族成员的时空表达模式。结果：基因分为I型（Mα：33；Mβ：6；Mγ：10）和II型（MIKC *：2； MIKCC：29）基因。我们还通过系统发育，基因结构，保守基序和顺式元素分析获得了RoMADS-box基因家族的完整概述。相对表达分析显示了不同的表达模式，并且大多数RoMADS-box基因在水果中的表达比在黑树莓的其他组织中更高。结论：该发现表明MADS-box基因家族参与黑莓果实成熟过程的调控。