Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and has been a major threat to global public health. In Indonesia, the cases have rapidly increased, and the case fatality rate remains high. With COVID-19, most of the deaths have been caused by acute respiratory distress syndrome and dysregulation of the immune response. A lung biopsy from a patient with COVID-19 showed inflammatory cellular infiltration with diffuse alveolar damage. Massive pulmonary destruction has also been reported as a result of highly increased levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1β, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), induced protein 10 (IP-10), and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1). IL-6 is an inflammatory cytokine produced by various cell types, including immune cells and nonleukocytes, such as endothelial cells, fibroblasts, epithelial cells, type II pneumocytes, and certain tumor cells. Several studies have shown that IL-6 contributes to the severity and mortality of COVID-19. In this review, we would like to explore the immune response in COVID-19 and the role of IL-6 in the immunopathogenesis of COVID-19.

中文翻译：

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将 IL-6 靶向作为 COVID-19 潜在治疗策略的观点

2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 由严重急性呼吸系统综合症冠状病毒 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 引起，已对全球公共卫生构成重大威胁。在印度尼西亚，病例迅速增加，病死率仍然很高。对于 COVID-19，大多数死亡是由急性呼吸窘迫综合征和免疫反应失调引起的。来自 COVID-19 患者的肺活检显示炎性细胞浸润伴弥漫性肺泡损伤。据报道，由于促炎细胞因子水平的高度增加，如肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6 (IL-6)、IL-1β、干扰素-γ (IFN- γ)、诱导蛋白 10 (IP-10) 和单核细胞趋化蛋白-1 (MCP-1)。IL-6 是一种由多种细胞类型产生的炎性细胞因子，包括免疫细胞和非白细胞，如内皮细胞、成纤维细胞、上皮细胞、II型肺细胞和某些肿瘤细胞。多项研究表明，IL-6 导致 COVID-19 的严重程度和死亡率。在这篇综述中，我们想探讨 COVID-19 的免疫反应以及 IL-6 在 COVID-19 免疫发病机制中的作用。