ABSTRACT

Punitive criminal justice policies caused incarceration and reentry rates to sharply increase in the era of mass incarceration. Disadvantaged communities of color have been disproportionately affected by those policies through heightened levels of prison cycling, which is the flow of individuals into and out of prison. Community-level prison cycling has harmful neighborhood consequences, including increased violent crime. This Boston-based study investigates how prison cycling influences crime by exploring three potential pathways. First, prison cycling may undermine beneficial social behavior, reduce collective efficacy, and create an environment susceptible to crime; second, prison cycling may stimulate neighborhood social problems that encourage crime; and third, prison cycling may simply have a direct, toxic relationship with neighborhood violent crime. The analysis employs Boston crime and prison cycling data,and neighborhood social environment data from the 2008 Boston Neighborhood Survey. Contrary to existing theoretical and empirical research, results suggest that prison cycling is not associated with collective efficacy. However, results indicate that prison cycling predicts neighborhood social problems and community violent crime, offering support for alternative theories on the prison cycling and crime relationship. The study concludes with recommendations for future research and policy implications.

摘要

在大规模监禁时代，惩罚性的刑事司法政策导致监禁率和再入狱率急剧增加。这些政策通过提高监狱循环水平（即个人进出监狱的流动），对处于不利地位的有色人种社区产生了不成比例的影响。社区级别的监狱骑行会对社区造成有害后果，包括增加暴力犯罪。这项基于波士顿的研究通过探索三种潜在途径来调查监狱自行车如何影响犯罪。首先，监狱自行车可能会破坏有益的社会行为，降低集体效能，并创造容易犯罪的环境；其次，监狱自行车可能会激发鼓励犯罪的邻里社会问题；第三，监狱自行车可能只是有一个直接的，与邻里暴力犯罪的有毒关系。该分析采用波士顿犯罪和监狱骑行数据，以及来自 2008 年波士顿社区调查的社区社会环境数据。与现有的理论和实证研究相反，结果表明监狱自行车与集体效能无关。然而，结果表明，监狱自行车可以预测社区社会问题和社区暴力犯罪，为监狱自行车与犯罪关系的替代理论提供支持。该研究最后提出了对未来研究和政策影响的建议。结果表明，监狱自行车与集体效能无关。然而，结果表明，监狱自行车可以预测社区社会问题和社区暴力犯罪，为监狱自行车与犯罪关系的替代理论提供支持。该研究最后提出了对未来研究和政策影响的建议。结果表明，监狱自行车与集体效能无关。然而，结果表明，监狱自行车可以预测社区社会问题和社区暴力犯罪，为监狱自行车与犯罪关系的替代理论提供支持。该研究最后提出了对未来研究和政策影响的建议。