Satellite observations offering detailed records of global environmental change are only available from 1979. Emerging studies combining high-quality instrumental and natural observations highlight that the Earth system experienced a substantial shift across the mid-20th century, one that appears to have taken place before the Great Acceleration of human activities from the 1950s. These new results have far-reaching implications for understanding ice-ocean-atmospheric interactions in the Anthropocene and highlight the urgent need for drastic cuts in carbon emissions to limit the impact of future warming.

中文翻译：

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最近公认的20世纪中叶地球系统转变的意义

卫星观测资料提供有关全球环境变化的详细记录，直到1979年才可用。结合高质量仪器观测和自然观测资料的新兴研究突显出，地球系统在整个20世纪中叶经历了一次重大转变，这似乎发生在20世纪中叶之前。从1950年代开始极大地促进了人类活动。这些新结果对于理解人类世的冰-海-大气相互作用具有深远的意义，并强调了迫切需要大幅度削减碳排放量以限制未来变暖的影响。