Improvement of the nutritional quality of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) has been quite challenging, due, in part, to the limited variation found in modern cultivars and the strong effect exerted by the environment, which hinder the selection process. The aim of this study was to characterise the mineral profile of grains of 35 Argentinean-adapted, mostly spring wheat cultivars in two successive years. Concentrations of most mineral nutrients in grains spanned approximately a two-fold range. Our study revealed a strong effect of the environment, but also that some key differences among genotypes are maintained over years. Correlation and principal component analyses showed the existence of a strong and stable association of variables determining the global elemental profile in grains of the wheat lines under analysis. In this regard, some cultivars displayed, over successive years, opposite global patterns of elemental composition, suggesting the existence of a genotype dependent ionome signature. Important negative correlations were found for the concentration of most, but not all, nutrients with yield, thus indicating a potential compromise among beneficial traits. The genotypic variation characterised in the present study has potential to be used in breeding programs aimed at improving wheat grain quality.

小麦的营养品质的改善（小麦L.）颇具挑战性，部分原因是现代品种的变异有限，以及环境所产生的强大影响，这阻碍了选择过程。这项研究的目的是连续两年对35个阿根廷适应的，主要是春季小麦品种的谷物的矿物特征进行表征。谷物中大多数矿质营养素的浓度范围大约是两倍。我们的研究揭示了环境的强大影响，但基因型之间的一些关键差异仍保持了多年。相关性和主成分分析表明，存在一个确定的变量，这些变量之间存在强而稳定的关联，这些变量决定了所分析小麦品系的籽粒中的整体元素分布。在这方面，一些品种连续多年展示出，元素组成的整体模式相反，表明存在依赖基因型的离子组签名。发现大多数（但不是全部）养分含量与产量之间存在重要的负相关关系，从而表明了有益性状之间的潜在折衷。本研究中表征的基因型变异具有潜力用于旨在提高小麦籽粒品质的育种计划中。