Mixed‐phase clouds (MPCs), composed of both liquid and ice, are prevalent in Southern Ocean cyclones. A characterization of these clouds on fine vertical scales is required in order to understand the microphysical processes within these clouds, and for model and satellite evaluations over this region. We investigated three examples of cloud systems collected by ship‐mounted remote‐sensing instruments adjacent to East Antarctica at latitudes between 64°S and 69°S. These cases allow us to examine the properties of midlevel MPCs, with cloud tops between 2 and 6 km. Midlevel MPCs contain multiple layers of supercooled liquid water (SLW) embedded within ice during the passage of cyclones. SLW layers are capped by strong temperature inversions and are observed at temperatures as low as −31°C. Convective generating cells (GCs) are present inside supercooled liquid‐topped midlevel MPCs. The horizontal extent, vertical extent, and maximum upward Doppler velocity of these GCs were 0.6–3.6 km, 0.7–1.0 km, and 0.5–1.0 m s⁻¹, respectively, and are consistent with observations from previous lower‐latitude studies. Ice precipitation is nearly ubiquitous, except in the thinnest clouds at the trailing end of the observed systems. Seeding of lower SLW layers from above leads to periods with either larger ice particles or greater ice precipitation rates. Periods of supercooled drizzle lasting up to 2 h were observed toward the end of two of the three cyclone systems. This supercooled drizzle turns into predominantly ice precipitation as the result of seeding by ice clouds located above the precipitating SLW layer.

中文翻译：

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舰载云雷达和激光雷达观测到的南半球旋风和云系中的混合相云和降水偏向64°S

由液体和冰组成的混合相云（MPC）在南大洋气旋中很普遍。为了了解这些云内的微物理过程，并对该区域进行模型和卫星评估，需要在精细的垂直尺度上对这些云进行表征。我们调查了东极南极附近64°S至69°S之间的船载遥感仪器收集的三个云系统示例。这些情况使我们可以检查云层在2至6 km之间的中层MPC的属性。中层MPC包含在旋风分离器通过过程中嵌入冰中的多层过冷液态水（SLW）。SLW层被强烈的温度反转所覆盖，并在低至-31°C的温度下观察到。对流生成单元（GC）存在于过冷的液顶中层MPC中。这些GC的水平范围，垂直范围和最大向上多普勒速度分别为0.6-3.6 km，0.7-1.0 km和0.5-1.0 m s^-1，与先前低纬度研究的观测结果一致。除在观测到的系统末端最薄的云层以外，几乎无处不在有冰的沉淀。从上方播种较低的SLW层会导致时期更大的冰粒或更大的冰析出速率。在三个旋风系统中的两个旋风系统即将结束时，观察到过冷的细雨持续了2小时。这种过冷的毛毛雨主要来自结冰的SLW层上方的冰云播种而结冰。