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Vulnerability of Aquatic Insect Species to Insecticides, Depending on Their Flight Period and Adult Life Span
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-02-24 , DOI: 10.1002/etc.5025
Christian Kjaer 1 , Peter Borgen Sørensen 1 , Peter Wiberg-Larsen 1 , Jesper Bak 1 , Marianne Bruus 1 , Beate Strandberg 1 , Søren Erik Larsen 1 , Jes Jessen Rasmussen 1, 2 , Morten Strandberg 1
Affiliation  

Effects of insecticides on terrestrial adult life stages of otherwise aquatic insects, such as mayflies (Ephemeroptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), and caddisflies (Trichoptera), are largely unknown. In the present study, a risk model was used to pinpoint the species most likely to experience effects due to spray drift exposure during the adult life stage. Using data from an earlier case study with lambda-cyhalothrin, 6 species with different life cycle traits were used to explore how life cycle characteristics may influence vulnerability. In addition, we performed a generic calculation of the potential effect on the terrestrial life stages of 53 species (including 47 species with unknown sensitivity). Our approach incorporated temporal and spatial distribution of both the insect and the insecticide, creating different exposure conditions among species due to variation in the relative proportion of the populations present at the time of insecticide spraying. The Ephemeroptera species represented were least vulnerable due to their extremely short adult life span and relatively short flight period. Based on their life cycle characteristics, Plecoptera and Trichoptera species were more vulnerable. These vulnerable species segregated into 2 distinct groups; one with a long adult life span to emergent period ratio and another with a high overlap between emergent period and spraying season. We therefore recommend that future ecotoxicological tests be done on species with these life cycle characteristics. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1778–1787. © 2021 SETAC

中文翻译:

水生昆虫对杀虫剂的脆弱性,取决于它们的飞行期和成虫寿命

杀虫剂对其他水生昆虫,如蜉蝣(蜉蝣目)、石蝇(Plecoptera)和石蝇(毛翅目)的陆地成年生命阶段的影响在很大程度上是未知的。在本研究中,使用风险模型来确定最有可能在成年生命阶段受到喷雾漂移暴露影响的物种。使用早期使用 λ-三氯氟氰菊酯案例研究的数据,使用具有不同生命周期特征的 6 个物种来探索生命周期特征如何影响脆弱性。此外,我们对 53 个物种(包括 47 个敏感性未知的物种)的陆地生命阶段的潜在影响进行了通用计算。我们的方法结合了昆虫和杀虫剂的时间和空间分布,由于喷洒杀虫剂时存在的种群相对比例的变化,在物种之间造成不同的暴露条件。所代表的蜉蝣目物种由于其成年寿命极短和飞行时间相对较短,因此最不易受到伤害。根据它们的生命周期特征,翅翅目和毛翅目物种更容易受到伤害。这些易受伤害的物种分为两个不同的群体;一种具有较长的成年寿命与萌发期的比率,另一种具有较高的萌发期和喷洒季节之间的重叠。因此,我们建议未来对具有这些生命周期特征的物种进行生态毒理学测试。所代表的蜉蝣目物种由于其成年寿命极短和飞行时间相对较短,因此最不易受到伤害。根据它们的生命周期特征,翅翅目和毛翅目物种更容易受到伤害。这些易受伤害的物种分为两个不同的群体;一种具有较长的成年寿命与萌发期的比率,另一种具有较高的萌发期和喷洒季节之间的重叠。因此,我们建议未来对具有这些生命周期特征的物种进行生态毒理学测试。所代表的蜉蝣目物种由于其成年寿命极短和飞行时间相对较短,因此最不易受到伤害。根据它们的生命周期特征,翅翅目和毛翅目物种更容易受到伤害。这些易受伤害的物种分为两个不同的群体;一种具有较长的成年寿命与萌发期的比率,另一种具有较高的萌发期和喷洒季节之间的重叠。因此,我们建议未来对具有这些生命周期特征的物种进行生态毒理学测试。一种具有较长的成年寿命与萌发期的比率,另一种具有较高的萌发期和喷洒季节之间的重叠。因此,我们建议未来对具有这些生命周期特征的物种进行生态毒理学测试。一种具有较长的成年寿命与萌发期的比率,另一种具有较高的萌发期和喷洒季节之间的重叠。因此,我们建议未来对具有这些生命周期特征的物种进行生态毒理学测试。环境毒物化学2021;40:1778–1787。© 2021 SETAC
更新日期:2021-02-24
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